Studying for NREMT: Paramedic Coach notes Questions And Answers (2024 / 20245 (Verified Answers)

A female patient presents with severe acute abdominal pain. What should you suspect? - Ectopic pregnancy A patient has blood/vomit in their mouth/aiway. What is the next best step - Suction An old lady is having a hard time breathing. Her respiratory rate is 24, her SPO2 level is 92%. What device would you use to deliver high flow oxygen? - A nasal cannula angina - chest pain As soon as anaphylaxis is suspected you should administer - Epinephrine COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) includes what two diseases? - Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema COPD affects - respiratory function and gas exchange Distributive shock encompasses three types of shock - name them - Septic, Anaphylactic and Neurogenic Shock Explain Cardiogenic Shock - Cardiogenic Shocl is the the heart can't pump enough blood to properly profuse the body. Can be a result of CHF or heart attack Explain Distributive Shock. - Distributive shock is a shock that causes abnormal dilation of the blood vessels, the body loses its sympathetic nervous system fight or flight reaction. Can be due to sepsis (infection), Anaphylaxis, or neurogenic shock (traumatic brain or spinal cord injury)Explain Hypovolemic Shock. - Hypovolemic shock occurs when a patient has lost large volumes of blood or fluid. It can a result of bleeding out, dehydration/nausea vomiting. Explain Obstructive Shock. - Obstructive shock occurs due to any obstruction to normal blood flow in the body. Causes include pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, and cardiac tamponade. How are Hepatitis B and C transmitted? - blood and body fluids How can you differentiate between a simple allergic reaction versus anaphylaxis? - Anaphylaxis affects two or more body systems (which can include heart, respiratory, skin/integumentary, GI tract) while simple only affects one How do you treat COPD patients? - Albuterol, and Oxygen How is Hepatitis A transmitted? - Food; fecal oral route hyperglycemia can cause - Diabetic Ketoacidosis Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the heart via the - pulmonary vein The left side of the heart pumps blood to - the rest of the body The left ventricle pumps blood into the rest of the body via what structure? - The aorta The right side of the heart pumps blood to the - lungs for oxygenation Through which two structures does blood return to the heart? - Superior and Inferior Vena Cava What are Braxton Hicks contractions? - Irregular contractions w/ closed cervix. They can begin in the first trimester and increase in frequency as patient goes through pregnancyWhat are causes of Rales? - CHF (usually presents as bilateral rales with high BP and JVD) or pneumonia, (usually presents with one sided rales and fever). What are causes of Rhonchi? - Infection, Asthma or COPD What are causes of wheezing? (remember A.A.C) - Asthma, Anaphylaxis, COPD What are normal range heart rates, blood pressure, and respiratory rates for an adult? - HR 60- 100, BP 120/80, RR 12-12 What are signs and symptoms of appendicitis? - Abdominal pain specifically in the right lower quadrant, nausea vomiting, fever/chills. What are signs and symptoms of hepatitus? - Nausea vomiting, fever, jaundice, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, dark urine What are signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax? - Tracheal deviation, JVD, low SPO2 stats, low blood pressure, high heart rate, shortness of breath What are signs/symptoms of right sided heart failure? - JVD, edema of the legs. What are some risk factors of pulmonary embolism? - long car/bus/train rides, extended bed rest, recent surgeries, recent pregnancy. cancer or high estrogen states What are the components of the APGAR score? - Heart rate, Respiratory Effort, Muscle Tone, reflex, color What are the different colors of the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) and what do they indentifiy/provide information on? - Yellow - Placard will provide a 4 digit pin from book Blue - identifies chemicalGreen-Toxic Inhalations White- More info What are the four main positions under the incident command structure? - Finance, Logistics, Operations and Planning What are the four types of shock? - Cardiogenic Hypovolemic Obstructive Distributive What are the normal newborn ranges for heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate? - HR 100-160, BP N/A RR 30-60 What are the normal pediatric ranges for heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate? - HR 70-120, BP 100/60, RR 20-30 What are the risk factors of COPD? - smoking, working in hazardous environments, ex navy shipyard What are the signs and symptoms of a classic heart attack? - Chest pain, difficulty breathing, crushing jaw and arm pain on the same side What are the signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism? - Swollen leg, chest pains, can't breathe What are the signs/symptoms of left sided heart failure? - Blood and fluid in the lungs, Rales lung sounds. What are the three command staff positions under the Incident Commander? - Information, Liaison and Safety command staffWhat are the three sections of the glascow coma scale? - Eye opening, Best verbal response, best motor response What are the two suctioning devices? - Flexible and Rigid Catherter