Anthropology 102 Exam 3 (Mesa-Suarez)
Behavioral Ecology - correct answer ✔✔looking at behaviors like they are adaptive; analyzing how
survival, reproduction and environment influence or even create behavior
Sociobiology - correct answer ✔✔the integrative study of social behavior based on the idea that all
behavior is adaptive
Influences on Sociality - correct answer ✔✔diet, predation, and reproductive strategies
Kay's Threshold - correct answer ✔✔primates below 500 grams, or one pound, are insectivores and
primates above 500 grams are folivores
Basal Metabolic Rate - correct answer ✔✔the energy you burn while only resting; higher in smaller
primates
BMR in Action - correct answer ✔✔large primates eat high amounts of low quality food; small primates
eat low amounts of high quality food
Adaptions of Folivores - correct answer ✔✔color vision (able to identify young leaves), complex
stomachs and complex molars (able to digest), long fingers (specific to aye-ayes)
Dilution - correct answer ✔✔the risk of the individual reduces as the size of the group increases
Selfish Herd Effect - correct answer ✔✔the center of the group is the safest place to be
Conspicuous - correct answer ✔✔nocturnal smaller groups; diurnal larger groups
Infanticide - correct answer ✔✔the most extreme form of coercion; a new male goes through and kills
all existing babies when he takes over so he can repopulate the group
, Influences on Infanticide - correct answer ✔✔only occurs if the new male is not likely to kill his own
offspring; likely to mate with a female and likely to stay with the group till new offspring are mature
Examples of Dimporphism - correct answer ✔✔body dimorphism; canine dimorphism; increased sperm
production
Male Reproductive Strategies - correct answer ✔✔dominance; charming; sneaking attraction or "safari"
Female Reproductive Strategies - correct answer ✔✔mate with multiple males; exert dominance over
food source
Dominance - correct answer ✔✔physical domination initiated and sustained by aggression
Male Dominance Hierarchies - correct answer ✔✔in most primates they are linear, but unstable
Female Dominance Hierarchies - correct answer ✔✔in leaf-eating primates they do not exist; in fruit-
eating primates they are linear, but unstable; in fruit-eating familial primates they are linear and stable
Conflict and Cooperation - correct answer ✔✔conflict disrupts cooperative benefits and increases stress
in both parties; reconciliation is necessary
Taphonomy - correct answer ✔✔the study of the process affecting animals from the time of death until
the discovery of their fossil
Fossils - correct answer ✔✔remains or indications of past organisms
Taphonomic Bias - correct answer ✔✔influences that increase the chance of fossilization include dying
near water, dying near volcanos; having more body mass/size at time of death and finally soft bones
fossilize better than hard bones;
Remember: Wet, Hot, Big and Hard
Behavioral Ecology - correct answer ✔✔looking at behaviors like they are adaptive; analyzing how
survival, reproduction and environment influence or even create behavior
Sociobiology - correct answer ✔✔the integrative study of social behavior based on the idea that all
behavior is adaptive
Influences on Sociality - correct answer ✔✔diet, predation, and reproductive strategies
Kay's Threshold - correct answer ✔✔primates below 500 grams, or one pound, are insectivores and
primates above 500 grams are folivores
Basal Metabolic Rate - correct answer ✔✔the energy you burn while only resting; higher in smaller
primates
BMR in Action - correct answer ✔✔large primates eat high amounts of low quality food; small primates
eat low amounts of high quality food
Adaptions of Folivores - correct answer ✔✔color vision (able to identify young leaves), complex
stomachs and complex molars (able to digest), long fingers (specific to aye-ayes)
Dilution - correct answer ✔✔the risk of the individual reduces as the size of the group increases
Selfish Herd Effect - correct answer ✔✔the center of the group is the safest place to be
Conspicuous - correct answer ✔✔nocturnal smaller groups; diurnal larger groups
Infanticide - correct answer ✔✔the most extreme form of coercion; a new male goes through and kills
all existing babies when he takes over so he can repopulate the group
, Influences on Infanticide - correct answer ✔✔only occurs if the new male is not likely to kill his own
offspring; likely to mate with a female and likely to stay with the group till new offspring are mature
Examples of Dimporphism - correct answer ✔✔body dimorphism; canine dimorphism; increased sperm
production
Male Reproductive Strategies - correct answer ✔✔dominance; charming; sneaking attraction or "safari"
Female Reproductive Strategies - correct answer ✔✔mate with multiple males; exert dominance over
food source
Dominance - correct answer ✔✔physical domination initiated and sustained by aggression
Male Dominance Hierarchies - correct answer ✔✔in most primates they are linear, but unstable
Female Dominance Hierarchies - correct answer ✔✔in leaf-eating primates they do not exist; in fruit-
eating primates they are linear, but unstable; in fruit-eating familial primates they are linear and stable
Conflict and Cooperation - correct answer ✔✔conflict disrupts cooperative benefits and increases stress
in both parties; reconciliation is necessary
Taphonomy - correct answer ✔✔the study of the process affecting animals from the time of death until
the discovery of their fossil
Fossils - correct answer ✔✔remains or indications of past organisms
Taphonomic Bias - correct answer ✔✔influences that increase the chance of fossilization include dying
near water, dying near volcanos; having more body mass/size at time of death and finally soft bones
fossilize better than hard bones;
Remember: Wet, Hot, Big and Hard
