HONORS EARTH SCIENCE B, SEMESTER B TEST EXAM 2024

Which of the following show how mining for materials used in smart devices impacts the environment? Select the three correct answers. 1. increases soil erosion 2. increases child labor 3. grows the economy 4. degrades vegetation 5. creates competition for water - ANS-1. increases soil erosion 4. degrades vegetation 5. creates competition for water Which of the following sources of pollution decrease the oxygen level of water? Select the two correct answers. 1. animal manure 2. plant fertilizer 3. gasoline 4. toxic metals 5. radioactive substances - ANS-1. animal manure 2. plant fertilizer How is land subsidence related to a rise in human population? 1. Land subsidence happens when the increased demand for water causes the levels of the water table to rise. 2. Land subsidence happens when the increased demand for water results in rapid recharging of aquifers. 3. Land subsidence happens when the increased demand for water is countered with sound agricultural practices. 4. Land subsidence happens when the increased demand for water causes the levels of the water table to lower. - ANS- What should be done to ensure that a beach nourishment project remains effective for as long as possible? 1. The beach should be free of vegetation. 2. The area of the beach farthest from the water should receive the most sand. 3. Dredging should be done as close to the shore as possible. 4. Large, coarse grains of sand should be used. - ANS-4. Large, coarse grains of sand should be used. Which of the following steps was necessary for the formation of all fossil fuels? 1. Carbon bonds break, producing methane gas. 2. The remains of plants and animals are buried at the bottom of swamps. 3. The remains of plants and animals are buried at the bottom of oceans. 4. Heat and pressure build up on top of decaying matter. - ANS-4. Heat and pressure build up on top of decaying matter. A town develops green space on top of an apartment building. This provides a relaxing place for the renters while also allowing the owners to charge higher rents. Which benefits of green space does this situation provide? 1. environmental and health 2. environmental, health, and economic 3. economic and environmental 4. health and economic - ANS-4. health and economic If the specific heat capacity of water were smaller than it is, how would this affect oceans and climate? 1. The oceans could absorb more heat, leading to a more steady temperature on land. 2. The oceans could absorb more heat, leading to greater swings in temperature on land. 3. The oceans could absorb less heat, leading to a more steady temperature on land. 4. The oceans could absorb less heat, leading to greater swings in temperature on land. - ANS-4. The oceans could absorb less heat, leading to greater swings in temperature on land. How do beach nourishment and vegetation management differ in the ways they manage beach erosion? 1. Only beach nourishment uses a hard structure to manage erosion. 2. Only vegetation management replaces sand on the beach. 3. Only vegetation management brings in plants to keep sand on beaches. 4. Only beach nourishment provides protection from floods. - ANS-3. Only vegetation management brings in plants to keep sand on beaches. How does the ozone layer in the stratosphere vary on Earth? 1. Levels are higher near Antarctica than near the Arctic. 2. Levels do not vary between the poles, middle latitudes, and equator. 3. Levels are higher near the equator than near the poles. 4. Levels are higher in middle latitudes than near the equator. - ANS-4. Levels are higher in middle latitudes than near the equator. Drag each mineral to the correct location to indicate whether it is used in smartphone screens or smartphone batteries. options: silicon bauxite lithium graphite - ANS-SCREENS: silicon, bauxite BATTERIES: lithium, graphite Drag each phrase to indicate whether it describes bottled water or tap water. options: produces plastic waste produces transportation pollution costs less held to more stringent quality standards - ANS-BOTTLED WATER: produces plastic waste produces transportation pollution TAP WATER: costs less held to more stringent quality standards How does stormwater management help control flooding in cities? 1. It includes providing areas of green space to help with runoff. 2. It mandates elevating all structures above flood level. 3. It incorporates seawalls as a way to stop floods. 4. It helps to relocate homes off of the floodplain. - ANS-1. It includes providing areas of green space to help with runoff. Which of the following farming practices use water most efficiently? Select the two correct answers. 1. using sprinklers 2. tilling soil 3. planting perennial crops 4. using drip irrigation 5. planting annual crops - ANS-3. planting perennial crops 4. using drip irrigation Which of the following statements about flood mitigation is true? 1. It costs roughly the same to fund flood mitigation projects as paying for repairs after flooding has occurred. 2. It is cheaper to pay for repairs after flooding has occurred than to fund flood mitigation projects. 3. It is cheaper to fund flood mitigation projects than to pay for repairs after flooding has occurred. 4. Minimal research has been done comparing the costs of funding flood mitigation projects to t