HEP 2500 Exam 2 Study Questions and Answers Graded A 2024

spontaneous abortion - its known as miscarriage, is the termination of pregnancy before the 20th week. Most miscarriage (60%) are due to chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus what women should expect during the postpartum period - a stage of about three months following the childbirth, a time of critical family adjustments. Parenthood begins literally overnight, and the transition can cause considerable stress. Identify the role of folic acid in a healthy pregnancy - Two vitamins - vitamin D and the B vitamin folate. If pregnant woman don't get enough vD are more likely to deliver low-birth-weight babies. zygote - starts to undergo cell division and the growth process begins. Zygote continues to divide as it travels through the oviduct to the uterus embryo - The stage of development between blastocyst and fetus; about 2-8 weeks. The inner cells of blastocyst separate into three layers. One layer becomes inner body parts - digestive and respiratory systems; the middle layer becomes muscle, bone, blood, kidneys and sex glands; and the third layer becomes skin, hair, and nervous tissue neonate - an infant less than four weeks old. fetus - the development stage of a human from ninth week after the conception to the moment of birth First Stage of Labor - -averages 13 hours for the first birth. -It begins with cervical effacement and dilation and continues until the cervix is completely dilated -Contractions usually last about 30 seconds and occur every 15-20 minutes, more often later. -Early in the first stage, bleeding may occur -the amniotic sac raptures and the fluid rushes out; "water breaking" -transition = characterized by strong frequent contractions Second Stage of Labor - -begins with complete cervical dilation and end with delivery of the baby - baby slowly pushed down, through the bones of the pelvic ring, past the cervix and into the vagina, which it stretches open. -the baby's back bends, the head turns to fit through the narrowest parts of the passageway, and the soft bones of the baby's skull move together and overlap as it squeezed through the pelvis. -when the top of the head appears at the vaginal opening, the baby is said to be crowning Third Stage of Labor - -the uterus continues to contract until the placenta is expelled. -this stage usually take 5-30 minutes. -It is important that the entire placenta be expelled; if part remains in the uterus, it may cause infection or bleeding. -Breastfeeding soon after delivery helps control uterine bleeding because it stimulates the secretion of hormone that makes the uterus contract. Identify the signs of early pregnancy - -a missed menstrual period -slight bleeding -nausea -breast tenderness -increased urination -Sleepiness, fatigue, and emotional upset miscarriage - its also called spontaneous abortion. Vaginal bleeding is usually the first sign that a pregnant woman may miscarry.