Bio Ch 3 PLQ Questions And Answers With Verified Quiz

An amino acid is to a protein as a nucleotide is - nucleic acid A dehydration reaction is used to form - polymers Fats and fatty acids - are insoluble in water The formation of complex molecules that form life is made possible by what understanding regarding carbon - carbon forms up to 4 covalent bonds the four nucleotide bases found in DNA are identical to those in RNA. true or false? - false The functional group that forms covalent bonds between R groups within a polypeptide and that stabilizes tertiary structure is - -SH Glycogen is to animal cells as starch is to - plant cells If a specimen contains 30% adenine in its DNA, how much cytosine will it contain? - 20% The most hydrophobic molecule is - C2H6 The portion of an amino acid that makes the amino acid unique among the 20 different amino acids is - the side chain or R-group the primary structure of a protein ultimately determines its - 3 dimensional structureSickle cell anemia is a condition in which red blood cells exhibit a characteristic "sickle" shape. This arises from a mutation or change in one of the amino acids found in hemoglobin. A single amino acid mutation would directly affect - protein's primary structure. Starch and cellulose are examples of the functions of polysaccharides. The key structural differences that support these functions are: - alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6 glycosidic linkage in starch creates branching, and beta 1-4 in cellulose creates strong bonds. The structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats causes what type of change at room temperature? - linear structure of a fatty acid causes solid formation at room temperature The substance most rich in unsaturated fats is - olive oil Two molecules with identical molecular formulas but different structures are called - isomers What makes phospholipids good at forming cellular membranes? - the polar and non-polar regions create an amphipathic bilayer of phospholipids What structural component makes fat an efficient macromolecule able to store high amounts of energy? - fats have long chains of C-H bonds, which store high amounts of energy What structure best represents a polymer? - a protein When placed in an aqueous solution, amphipathic molecules will - orient themselves with hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains in the middle, and hydrophilic head groups facing the water.