BIO 103 Lecture Exam 5 Study Guide Questions with Verified Solutions

BIO 103 Lecture Exam 5 Study Guide Questions with Verified Solutions What field of study involves the naming and classification of organisms? Taxonomy Who is commonly known as the "Father" of Taxonomy? Carolus Linnaeus Describe binomial nomenclature. Each species receives a unique two-part name: the first part, the genus, is a noun; the second part, the species, is an adjective modifying the noun. What are the rules for scientific naming? 1. Names are typically Latinized. 2. Consists of two parts: Genus (capitalized) and species (lowercase). 3. The complete name is italicized or underlined. What term refers to a generic name for taxonomic groups based on shared characteristics? Taxon List the correct hierarchical order of taxa from broadest to most specific. Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Name the three domains currently recognized by science. Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya What are some characteristics of organisms classified under Bacteria? 1. Unicellular - microscopic, 1-10 μm long 2. Prokaryotic - lacking a nucleus 3. Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan 4. Presence of glycocalyx (capsule or slime layer) or glycoprotein 5. Some possess flagella and fimbriae (short hairlike filaments) 6. Nucleoid contains a single circular chromosome 7. Presence of plasmids (accessory rings of DNA in some) 8. Fewer and smaller ribosomes 9. Some have thylakoids 10. Heterotrophic Describe the characteristics of organisms within the Archaea domain. 1. Prokaryotic organisms 2. Unicellular and microscopic 3. Lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls What distinguishes organisms classified under Eukarya? 1. Lack of peptidoglycan in cell walls 2. Presence of a nucleus and organelles 3. Cell walls made of ether lipids How many kingdoms are in domain