Adult 1 Exam 1 UTMB Questions
and Correct Answers | Latest Update
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Virulence
Ans:Ability of pathogen to invade and injure host (ability to produce disease)
non-specific (innate) immunity
Ans:first line of defense against invasion by pathogens
specific adaptive immunity
Ans:allows the body to make antibodies in response to a foreign organism (antigen)
Prevention of HAI
Ans:1. Hand washing
2. Sterile procedure
3. Skin integrity
Types of Healthcare Associated Infections
Ans:Iatrogenic infection
,exogenous infection
endogenous infection
Iantrogenic (HAI)
Ans:results from diagnostic procedure
Exogenous (HAI)
Ans:from microorganisms outside the body
Endogenous (HAI)
Ans:overgrowth of natural flora (opportunistic)
Who is at risk for infection?
Ans:Immunocompromised
Post operative
Indwelling device
Break in the skin
impaired circulation
chronic disease
crowded environments
,older adults
poor life choices
Common HAI infection routes
Ans:1. Surgical or trauma wound
2. Urinary
3. resp. Tract
4. bloodstream
Chain of Infection
Ans:1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoirs - where does the infectious agent reside
3. Portal of exit - how does pathogen leave the body (sneeze/cough)
4. Means of transmission - how exposed to another person
5. Portal of entry - how does pathogen enter a new host
6. Susceptible host - person at risk for developing infection
Means of transmission
Ans:1. Contact (Direct or indirect)
2. Droplet (sneeze, cough, talking), large particles
, 3. Airborne (cough, sneeze, exhaling), small particles suspended in air
4. Vector (animals/insects)
Stages of Infection
Ans:1. Incubation - the time between pathogen enters the body and first symptoms
2. Prodromal - General symptoms appear pathogen is multiplying (nonspecific like fatigue)
3. Illness - specific symptoms of pathogen appear (ex: strep = sore throat)
4. Convalescence - symptoms are gone, recovery lasts days to months
Infection control
Ans:Patient safety
Separate personal care items
Handling solid and fluid waste
Wound cleaning
Patient education
Cough etiquette
isolation and isolation precautions
surgical asepsis
Devices at risk for infection (HAI)
and Correct Answers | Latest Update
| A+
Virulence
Ans:Ability of pathogen to invade and injure host (ability to produce disease)
non-specific (innate) immunity
Ans:first line of defense against invasion by pathogens
specific adaptive immunity
Ans:allows the body to make antibodies in response to a foreign organism (antigen)
Prevention of HAI
Ans:1. Hand washing
2. Sterile procedure
3. Skin integrity
Types of Healthcare Associated Infections
Ans:Iatrogenic infection
,exogenous infection
endogenous infection
Iantrogenic (HAI)
Ans:results from diagnostic procedure
Exogenous (HAI)
Ans:from microorganisms outside the body
Endogenous (HAI)
Ans:overgrowth of natural flora (opportunistic)
Who is at risk for infection?
Ans:Immunocompromised
Post operative
Indwelling device
Break in the skin
impaired circulation
chronic disease
crowded environments
,older adults
poor life choices
Common HAI infection routes
Ans:1. Surgical or trauma wound
2. Urinary
3. resp. Tract
4. bloodstream
Chain of Infection
Ans:1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoirs - where does the infectious agent reside
3. Portal of exit - how does pathogen leave the body (sneeze/cough)
4. Means of transmission - how exposed to another person
5. Portal of entry - how does pathogen enter a new host
6. Susceptible host - person at risk for developing infection
Means of transmission
Ans:1. Contact (Direct or indirect)
2. Droplet (sneeze, cough, talking), large particles
, 3. Airborne (cough, sneeze, exhaling), small particles suspended in air
4. Vector (animals/insects)
Stages of Infection
Ans:1. Incubation - the time between pathogen enters the body and first symptoms
2. Prodromal - General symptoms appear pathogen is multiplying (nonspecific like fatigue)
3. Illness - specific symptoms of pathogen appear (ex: strep = sore throat)
4. Convalescence - symptoms are gone, recovery lasts days to months
Infection control
Ans:Patient safety
Separate personal care items
Handling solid and fluid waste
Wound cleaning
Patient education
Cough etiquette
isolation and isolation precautions
surgical asepsis
Devices at risk for infection (HAI)
