GEOGRAPHY AQA PAPER 1 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 5 kinds of coastal erosion - Answer-Solution, corrosion, abrasion, attrition, hydraulic power Abrasion - Answer-Sandpapering pebbles grinding against platform until smooth Afforestation (preventing fl

GEOGRAPHY AQA PAPER 1 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 5 kinds of coastal erosion - Answer-Solution, corrosion, abrasion, attrition, hydraulic power Abrasion - Answer-Sandpapering pebbles grinding against platform until smooth Afforestation (preventing flooding) - Answer-Trees planted to increase interception of rain water Attrition - Answer-Pebbles carried by sea knock against each other to be smaller and rounder Banbury Managing floods - Answer-Located in Coltswold Hills about 50km north of Oxford Has history of flooding and £12.5 million damage 150 homes and businesses affected To reduce risk flood defence scheme completed earth embankment built to create a flood storage area and raised the A361 Social- Raised A361 will be open in flood Economic- Cost of scheme £18.5 mil Environmental- 100,000 tonnes of earth used to build embankment Bars - Answer-Longshore drift caucuses spit to grow across a bay trapping a lake behind it causing a bar waves deposit sediment due to friction with seabed, build up of sediment cause wave to break from coast Beach nourishment (coast defence) - Answer-Dumping new sand onto eroding beaches to restore them, needs maintaining and is costly Beach stabilisation (coast defence) - Answer-Planting dead trees in sand widens beach but requires maintenance Biological weathering (cliffs) - Answer-Plants growing in cracks and animals burrowing in weak rock Causes of climate change- human - Answer-Burning fossil fuels and realising co2 or deforestation Causes of climate change- natural - Answer-Changes in earths orbit, varied heat output from sun, volcanic activity ash blocks out sunlight Causes of desertification - Answer-Erosion, overgrazing, drought, soil compaction, agriculture Challenges of the Thar desert - Answer-Temperature- working in high temperature hard for farmers and lead to water shortage Water supply- as a population and farming industry grows water need increases Accessibility issues- limited roads tarmac would melt Chemical weathering (cliffs) - Answer-Caused by chemical changes eg rain water is acidic Chile HIC earthquake - Answer-27th feb 2010, 8.8 Richter scale, caused on destructive plate margin PE- 5000 deaths, Santiago airport damaged SE- 1500km road damaged by landslide IR- Emergency service floating bridge, field hospitals LTR- President said 4 years to recover Coastal transportation 4 kinds - Answer-Solution; Suspension; Traction; Saltation Confluence - Answer-Where a tributary joins a larger river Conservative plate - Answer-Two plates moving alongside, friction can send shockwaves causing earthquakes Constructive plates - Answer-Two plates move apart, magma forces way along gap and causes earthquake, erupted lava cools and forms volcano Constructive waves - Answer-Deposit large amounts of sand and pebbles construct beaches strong swash (spilling) Consumers - Answer-Get energy by consuming other organisms Continental crust - Answer-Less dense older cannot be renewed Coriolis effect - Answer-The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents. Corrosion - Answer-Fragments of rock picked up and hurled at cliff Dam construction (preventing flood) - Answer-Water is held back in a dam and released in a controlled way, is expensive, makes hydroelectric power, agricultural land lost Deciduous and coniferous - Answer-50-60 degrees north of equator shed leaves in winter to retain moisture Deposition - Answer-Occurs when the velocity decreases and there is no more energy