WGU C785 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025
1. What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? -
ANS -amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha
carbon (C), and variable group
2. How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains:
non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? - ANS
-Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end
with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge
3. what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make?
- ANS -ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
,4. What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - ANS -Primary - linear
structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by
hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions,
quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have
1+ subunit
5. What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - ANS -hydrophobic
- temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen -
temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
6. what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - ANS -
hydrophobic bonds
7. how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - ANS -Extreme
temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein
folding
,8. how do mutations affect protein structure? - ANS -Can cause structure to
change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein.
9. What is an electron? - ANS -Negatively charged atom on outer ring for
bonding
10.What is energy: - ANS -Power derived fro chemical interaction
11.what are covalent bonds? - ANS -chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence
electrons
12.what is an ionic bond? - ANS -bond between positive and negative
13.what is a hydrogen bond? - ANS -weak bond between positive and
negative
, 14.with an amino? - ANS -piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
15.what is a carboyxl? - ANS -piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
16.What is hydrophobic? - ANS -Doesn't like water, end with CH
17.what is hydrophilic? - ANS -Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
18.what is disulfide bond? - ANS -strongest bond between reduction agents,
formed between SH's.
19.what are zwitterions? - ANS -amino with positive and negative charges =
overall charge of zero
20.what is a polypeptide - ANS -polymer of amino acids
CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025
1. What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? -
ANS -amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha
carbon (C), and variable group
2. How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains:
non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? - ANS
-Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end
with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge
3. what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make?
- ANS -ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
,4. What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - ANS -Primary - linear
structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by
hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions,
quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have
1+ subunit
5. What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - ANS -hydrophobic
- temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen -
temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
6. what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - ANS -
hydrophobic bonds
7. how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - ANS -Extreme
temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein
folding
,8. how do mutations affect protein structure? - ANS -Can cause structure to
change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein.
9. What is an electron? - ANS -Negatively charged atom on outer ring for
bonding
10.What is energy: - ANS -Power derived fro chemical interaction
11.what are covalent bonds? - ANS -chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence
electrons
12.what is an ionic bond? - ANS -bond between positive and negative
13.what is a hydrogen bond? - ANS -weak bond between positive and
negative
, 14.with an amino? - ANS -piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
15.what is a carboyxl? - ANS -piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
16.What is hydrophobic? - ANS -Doesn't like water, end with CH
17.what is hydrophilic? - ANS -Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
18.what is disulfide bond? - ANS -strongest bond between reduction agents,
formed between SH's.
19.what are zwitterions? - ANS -amino with positive and negative charges =
overall charge of zero
20.what is a polypeptide - ANS -polymer of amino acids
