Imaging Exam #1 Review
________ is the most sensitive tool to look for traumatic cases of fracture.
CT
This is most commonly used in cases of trauma?
CT
Why would we use a CT over an MRI for trauma case?
Better sensitivity than MRI in evaluating cortical bone outline(s)
T/F: With CT images we are able to see in 3 different planes.
TRUE
Which image is T1-weighted and which image is T2-weighted?
LEFT: T2-weighted
RIGHT: T1-weighted
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
axial
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
oblique sagittal
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
Oblique coronal plane
This is a photon of energy that is used to expose a patient for the final image
x-ray
This is the resulting image after a patient or object is exposed to x-rays
,radiograph
This is the combination of physical qualities that determines how much radiation is
absorbed from the x-ray beam
radiodensity
Radiodensity is determined by what? (2)
-its composition (in terms of effective atomic number and volume density)
-its thickness
__________ is a property of the relative transparency or opacity of an object and is
used for qualitative comparison of radiographic images.
radiodensity
If an object has a high radio density, it will produce a ___________ image.
radioopaque
what color will tissue appear as if the object is radiopaque?
a lighter shade of gray; or even white (bone)
what are the major shades that can be described on the radiograph? (5)
1. Air is black.
2. Fat is gray-black.
3. Water density (all soft tissue) is gray.
4. Bone is gray-white.
5. (Metal is white—seen in surgical devices.)
What major physical radiodensity is seen in the descending colon and also in the
center of the pelvis?
air/gas
What major physical radiodensity is seen as a dark streak representing the layer
next to the peritoneum in the abdominal wall?
fat
muscles and soft tissues share the same density as _________.
water
the greater an objects effective atomic number, volume density, and/or thickness, the
__________ its radiodensity
greater
_________ possesses the greatest radiodensity of the four natural densities.
bone
A ____________ image is produced if a substance is impassable to the x-rays and
so the rays are actually absorbed by the substance.
radioopaque
A dental filling has ________ radiodensity.
high
Explain the concept of radiolucent material (3)
-X rays pass w/little resistance
-If an object has less radiodensity then it will not absorb the x-ray photons and thus
these photons will pass through the object and land on the image receptor.
-This substance is considered radiolucent due to this capability.
what are examples of radiolucent material? (3)
, -osteoporotic bone
-osteolytic tumors
-infections
Order the 5 tissues from LOW to HIGH in terms of radiodensity (5)
-Air
-Fat
-Water
-Bone
-Metal
________ EXIST TO ASSIST CLINICIANS IN DECIDING IF IMAGING IS
WARRANTED IN ORDER TO MAKE A MORE COMPLETE ASSESSMENT AND
AUGMENT POC
Clinical Decision Rules (CDR)
These help to decide which image modality to use for a given clinical scenario?
American College of Radiology (ACR) guidelines
what are the most common image projections in radiography? (3)
- Anterior/posterior (AP)
-Lateral
-Oblique
what is NEEDED at minimum in order to come up with a diagnosis using a
radiographic image?
2 radiographs at 90 degrees
what are the primary reasons as to why radiographic imaging is used in diagnosis
specific condtions? (3)
-To locate lesions or foreign bodies
-Determine fracture alignment
-Determine alignment of anatomy (if its normal or abnormal)
This is a contrast ·is a contrast-enhanced radiography that uses fluoroscopy to
guide?
angiography
what is the primary reason an angiography is used?
it allows for contrast medium to be injected into the blood supply of an organ to
demonstrate obstruction or other abnormalities of blood vessels
what is a disadvantage of angiography?
can be invasive and a risk to the patient
Nuclear medical imaging is used to help diagnose and determine the severity of or
treat a variety of diseases including: (6)
- Different cancers
- Heart disease
-GI disorders
-Endocrine disorders
-Neurologic disorder
-other abnormalities within the body
________ is the most sensitive tool to look for traumatic cases of fracture.
CT
This is most commonly used in cases of trauma?
CT
Why would we use a CT over an MRI for trauma case?
Better sensitivity than MRI in evaluating cortical bone outline(s)
T/F: With CT images we are able to see in 3 different planes.
TRUE
Which image is T1-weighted and which image is T2-weighted?
LEFT: T2-weighted
RIGHT: T1-weighted
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
axial
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
oblique sagittal
What is this plane in the image for MRI or CT Exam of the Shoulder?
Oblique coronal plane
This is a photon of energy that is used to expose a patient for the final image
x-ray
This is the resulting image after a patient or object is exposed to x-rays
,radiograph
This is the combination of physical qualities that determines how much radiation is
absorbed from the x-ray beam
radiodensity
Radiodensity is determined by what? (2)
-its composition (in terms of effective atomic number and volume density)
-its thickness
__________ is a property of the relative transparency or opacity of an object and is
used for qualitative comparison of radiographic images.
radiodensity
If an object has a high radio density, it will produce a ___________ image.
radioopaque
what color will tissue appear as if the object is radiopaque?
a lighter shade of gray; or even white (bone)
what are the major shades that can be described on the radiograph? (5)
1. Air is black.
2. Fat is gray-black.
3. Water density (all soft tissue) is gray.
4. Bone is gray-white.
5. (Metal is white—seen in surgical devices.)
What major physical radiodensity is seen in the descending colon and also in the
center of the pelvis?
air/gas
What major physical radiodensity is seen as a dark streak representing the layer
next to the peritoneum in the abdominal wall?
fat
muscles and soft tissues share the same density as _________.
water
the greater an objects effective atomic number, volume density, and/or thickness, the
__________ its radiodensity
greater
_________ possesses the greatest radiodensity of the four natural densities.
bone
A ____________ image is produced if a substance is impassable to the x-rays and
so the rays are actually absorbed by the substance.
radioopaque
A dental filling has ________ radiodensity.
high
Explain the concept of radiolucent material (3)
-X rays pass w/little resistance
-If an object has less radiodensity then it will not absorb the x-ray photons and thus
these photons will pass through the object and land on the image receptor.
-This substance is considered radiolucent due to this capability.
what are examples of radiolucent material? (3)
, -osteoporotic bone
-osteolytic tumors
-infections
Order the 5 tissues from LOW to HIGH in terms of radiodensity (5)
-Air
-Fat
-Water
-Bone
-Metal
________ EXIST TO ASSIST CLINICIANS IN DECIDING IF IMAGING IS
WARRANTED IN ORDER TO MAKE A MORE COMPLETE ASSESSMENT AND
AUGMENT POC
Clinical Decision Rules (CDR)
These help to decide which image modality to use for a given clinical scenario?
American College of Radiology (ACR) guidelines
what are the most common image projections in radiography? (3)
- Anterior/posterior (AP)
-Lateral
-Oblique
what is NEEDED at minimum in order to come up with a diagnosis using a
radiographic image?
2 radiographs at 90 degrees
what are the primary reasons as to why radiographic imaging is used in diagnosis
specific condtions? (3)
-To locate lesions or foreign bodies
-Determine fracture alignment
-Determine alignment of anatomy (if its normal or abnormal)
This is a contrast ·is a contrast-enhanced radiography that uses fluoroscopy to
guide?
angiography
what is the primary reason an angiography is used?
it allows for contrast medium to be injected into the blood supply of an organ to
demonstrate obstruction or other abnormalities of blood vessels
what is a disadvantage of angiography?
can be invasive and a risk to the patient
Nuclear medical imaging is used to help diagnose and determine the severity of or
treat a variety of diseases including: (6)
- Different cancers
- Heart disease
-GI disorders
-Endocrine disorders
-Neurologic disorder
-other abnormalities within the body
