PATHO TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS #19
Which structure is involved in pain transmission?
A) Posterior horn
B) Substantia gelantinosa
C) Anterior horn
D) Dorsal root ganglia - correct answer B) Substantia gelantinosa
It is true that the brain's Broca area:
A) makes receptive responses possible.
B) is responsible for motor speech.
C) when traumatized, results in the inability to hear.
D) is found in the right cerebral hemisphere - correct answer B) is responsible for motor
speech.
A patient who was outside on a summer day and is now experiencing increased
sweating and thirst, weakness, and dizziness is exhibiting signs of:
A) heat cramps.
B) heat exhaustion.
C) hyperthermic stroke.
D) malignant hyperthermia. - correct answer B) heat exhaustion.
The appropriate definition of perceptual dominance is:
A) the duration of time or intensity of pain before overt pain responses are initiated.
B) pain at one location that may cause an increase in threshold at another location.
C) repeated exposure to a pain stimulus.
D) the point at which pain is perceived. - correct answer B) pain at one location that may
cause an increase in threshold at another location.
A patient who exhibits involuntary twisting movements caused by slow muscle
contraction on the right side of the body is experiencing:
A) hypertonia.
B) spasticity.
C) hemidystonia.
D) paratonia. - correct answer C) hemidystonia.
Abnormal findings in which of the following evaluations would indicate possible
neurological dysfunction? Select all that apply.
Level of consciousness
Pattern of breathing
Heart rate
Eye position
,Skeletal muscle motor responses - correct answer ...
A patient is experiencing pain that courses over the buttocks and into the calf and ankle.
This is suggestive of a herniated disc at which vertebral level?
A) Cervical
B) Thoracic
C) Lumbar
D) Coccyx - correct answer C) Lumbar
The person at highest risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is:
A) African American and economically disadvantaged.
B) male and disabled.
C) female and 20 years of age.
D) an economically advantaged young adult. - correct answer A) African American and
economically disadvantaged.
A patient has a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst containing meninges, spinal fluid, and
a portion of the spinal cord through a deficit in the spinal column. This condition is
described as a(n):
A) encephalocele.
B) meningocele.
C) myelomeningocele.
D) Arnold-Chiari malformation. - correct answer C) myelomeningocele.
Pathology reports indicate that a child's brain tumor developed in the vermis of the
cerebellum and extended into the fourth ventricle. The tumor is most likely a(n):
A) medulloblastoma.
B) ependymoma.
C) cerebellar astrocytoma.
D) brain stem glioma - correct answer A) medulloblastoma.
The neurotransmitter released from the postganglionic parasympathetic axon terminal
is:
A) acetylcholine.
B) epinephrine.
C) norepinephrine.
D) dopamine. - correct answer A) acetylcholine.
It is true that the cerebellum:
A) makes up fibers of the corticospinal tract.
B) maintains balance or posture.
C) controls respiration.
,D) contains cranial nerves V through VIII. - correct answer B) maintains balance or
posture.
Which activity has been documented to increase the levels of circulating endogenous
endorphins?
A) Cough
B) Stress
C) Sleep
D) Pain - correct answer B) Stress
A 55-year-old obese male presents to a sleep clinic complaining of difficulty sleeping.
He reports that he wakes gasping for air and his wife is ready to divorce him because
his snoring keeps her up at night. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?
A) Primary hypersomnia
B) Parasomnia
C) Somnambulism
D) Obstructive sleep apnea - correct answer D) Obstructive sleep apnea
A basic neural system to cognitive function would include: Select all that apply.
Attentional systems.
Memory systems.
Affective or emotive systems.
Sensory systems.
Language systems. - correct answer attentional systems.
Memory systems.
Affective or emotive systems.
Language systems.
A patient who reports a loss of childhood memories is describing a characteristic of:
A) selective attention deficit.
B) retrograde amnesia.
C) anterograde amnesia.
D) executive attention deficits. - correct answer B) retrograde amnesia.
A patient is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident in which
he sustained diffuse brain injury. Which of the following symptoms would be expected to
accompany his injury? Select all that apply.
Memory deficits
, Swallowing disorders
Agitation
Fatigue
Short attention span - correct answer Memory deficits
Swallowing disorders
Agitation
Short attention span
Which is TRUE regarding meningitis?
A) Bacterial meningitis is a primary infection of the gray matter.
B) Aseptic meningitis is most commonly caused by a fungus.
C) Fungal meningitis is very common.
D) Tubercular meningitis has a 90% recovery rate, if diagnosised early. - correct
answer D) Tubercular meningitis has a 90% recovery rate, if diagnosised early.
Environmental factors that affect the development of a fetus's neural tube include:
Select all that apply.
Maternal nutrition.
Levels of toxins in the air.
Alcohol consumption by the mother.
Paternal abuse of drugs.
Birth in an urban setting. - correct answer ...
A newborn is born with separations in the skull that contains unossified membranous
tissue. These structures are referred to as:
A) sutures.
B) fontanels.
C) Schwann cells.
D) myelins. - correct answer B) fontanels.
When a patient's vagus nerve is stimulated, what does the nurse expect to observe?
A) Increased gastrointestinal activity
B) Increased heart rate
C) Pupil constriction
D) Vasoconstriction - correct answer A) Increased gastrointestinal activity
Which structure is involved in pain transmission?
A) Posterior horn
B) Substantia gelantinosa
C) Anterior horn
D) Dorsal root ganglia - correct answer B) Substantia gelantinosa
It is true that the brain's Broca area:
A) makes receptive responses possible.
B) is responsible for motor speech.
C) when traumatized, results in the inability to hear.
D) is found in the right cerebral hemisphere - correct answer B) is responsible for motor
speech.
A patient who was outside on a summer day and is now experiencing increased
sweating and thirst, weakness, and dizziness is exhibiting signs of:
A) heat cramps.
B) heat exhaustion.
C) hyperthermic stroke.
D) malignant hyperthermia. - correct answer B) heat exhaustion.
The appropriate definition of perceptual dominance is:
A) the duration of time or intensity of pain before overt pain responses are initiated.
B) pain at one location that may cause an increase in threshold at another location.
C) repeated exposure to a pain stimulus.
D) the point at which pain is perceived. - correct answer B) pain at one location that may
cause an increase in threshold at another location.
A patient who exhibits involuntary twisting movements caused by slow muscle
contraction on the right side of the body is experiencing:
A) hypertonia.
B) spasticity.
C) hemidystonia.
D) paratonia. - correct answer C) hemidystonia.
Abnormal findings in which of the following evaluations would indicate possible
neurological dysfunction? Select all that apply.
Level of consciousness
Pattern of breathing
Heart rate
Eye position
,Skeletal muscle motor responses - correct answer ...
A patient is experiencing pain that courses over the buttocks and into the calf and ankle.
This is suggestive of a herniated disc at which vertebral level?
A) Cervical
B) Thoracic
C) Lumbar
D) Coccyx - correct answer C) Lumbar
The person at highest risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is:
A) African American and economically disadvantaged.
B) male and disabled.
C) female and 20 years of age.
D) an economically advantaged young adult. - correct answer A) African American and
economically disadvantaged.
A patient has a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst containing meninges, spinal fluid, and
a portion of the spinal cord through a deficit in the spinal column. This condition is
described as a(n):
A) encephalocele.
B) meningocele.
C) myelomeningocele.
D) Arnold-Chiari malformation. - correct answer C) myelomeningocele.
Pathology reports indicate that a child's brain tumor developed in the vermis of the
cerebellum and extended into the fourth ventricle. The tumor is most likely a(n):
A) medulloblastoma.
B) ependymoma.
C) cerebellar astrocytoma.
D) brain stem glioma - correct answer A) medulloblastoma.
The neurotransmitter released from the postganglionic parasympathetic axon terminal
is:
A) acetylcholine.
B) epinephrine.
C) norepinephrine.
D) dopamine. - correct answer A) acetylcholine.
It is true that the cerebellum:
A) makes up fibers of the corticospinal tract.
B) maintains balance or posture.
C) controls respiration.
,D) contains cranial nerves V through VIII. - correct answer B) maintains balance or
posture.
Which activity has been documented to increase the levels of circulating endogenous
endorphins?
A) Cough
B) Stress
C) Sleep
D) Pain - correct answer B) Stress
A 55-year-old obese male presents to a sleep clinic complaining of difficulty sleeping.
He reports that he wakes gasping for air and his wife is ready to divorce him because
his snoring keeps her up at night. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?
A) Primary hypersomnia
B) Parasomnia
C) Somnambulism
D) Obstructive sleep apnea - correct answer D) Obstructive sleep apnea
A basic neural system to cognitive function would include: Select all that apply.
Attentional systems.
Memory systems.
Affective or emotive systems.
Sensory systems.
Language systems. - correct answer attentional systems.
Memory systems.
Affective or emotive systems.
Language systems.
A patient who reports a loss of childhood memories is describing a characteristic of:
A) selective attention deficit.
B) retrograde amnesia.
C) anterograde amnesia.
D) executive attention deficits. - correct answer B) retrograde amnesia.
A patient is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident in which
he sustained diffuse brain injury. Which of the following symptoms would be expected to
accompany his injury? Select all that apply.
Memory deficits
, Swallowing disorders
Agitation
Fatigue
Short attention span - correct answer Memory deficits
Swallowing disorders
Agitation
Short attention span
Which is TRUE regarding meningitis?
A) Bacterial meningitis is a primary infection of the gray matter.
B) Aseptic meningitis is most commonly caused by a fungus.
C) Fungal meningitis is very common.
D) Tubercular meningitis has a 90% recovery rate, if diagnosised early. - correct
answer D) Tubercular meningitis has a 90% recovery rate, if diagnosised early.
Environmental factors that affect the development of a fetus's neural tube include:
Select all that apply.
Maternal nutrition.
Levels of toxins in the air.
Alcohol consumption by the mother.
Paternal abuse of drugs.
Birth in an urban setting. - correct answer ...
A newborn is born with separations in the skull that contains unossified membranous
tissue. These structures are referred to as:
A) sutures.
B) fontanels.
C) Schwann cells.
D) myelins. - correct answer B) fontanels.
When a patient's vagus nerve is stimulated, what does the nurse expect to observe?
A) Increased gastrointestinal activity
B) Increased heart rate
C) Pupil constriction
D) Vasoconstriction - correct answer A) Increased gastrointestinal activity
