Nutrition 331 Midterm 1, Quiz, Updated Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Pass

Nutrition 331 Midterm 1, Quiz, Updated Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Pass Applied Science - CORRECT ANS-draws on many disciplines of science (biochemistry, physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology, religion, microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business) Essential Nutrients - CORRECT ANS-must be provided directly by foods Nutrition - CORRECT ANS-multi-disciplinary study of processes by which nutrients are handled in body (how food nourished the body) -study of human behaviour related to food 6 major classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANS-1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids (fats) 3. Protein 4. Vitamines 5. Minerals 6. Water (60% body weight) Macronutrients - CORRECT ANS-required in large amounts (grams/Litres) (carbs, lipids, proteins, and water) Energy Yielding Nutrients - CORRECT ANS-carbs, lipids, and proteins micronutrients - CORRECT ANS-vitamins and most minerals, required in small amounts (mg/micrograms) Food - CORRECT ANS-any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable you to stay alive and grow Diet - CORRECT ANS-the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks Nutrients - CORRECT ANS-components of food that indispensable to body's functioning -provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support growth Malnutrition - CORRECT ANS-any condition caused by excess/ deficient food energy/ nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients Undernutrition - CORRECT ANS-nutrient or energy deficiencies Over-nutrition - CORRECT ANS-nutrient or energy excess Chronic disease - CORRECT ANS-long-duration degenerative diseases characterized by deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes) -all connected to poor diet (not diet alone) -genetic inheritance related to diet Anemia - CORRECT ANS-red blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot meet oxygen demands of body Genome - CORRECT ANS-full complement of genetic material in chromosomes of cell (99% same in all ppl) DNA - CORRECT ANS-molecule that encodes genetic information in structure Genes - CORRECT ANS-units of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each directs making one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body) Nutritional Genomics - CORRECT ANS-the science of how nutrients affect the activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease Energy - CORRECT ANS-capacity to do work (in food is chemical energy) Organic - CORRECT ANS-carbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and vitamins) Energy-yielding nutrients - CORRECT ANS-nutrients body can use for energy (building blocks of structure) -carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure) Calories - CORRECT ANS-units of energy (kilocalorie) -amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal) -total food energy per serving -1 cal=4.2 kilojouls Calories of 1. Carbs 2. Fat 3. Protein - CORRECT ANS-1. 4 cal/g 2. 9 cal/g 3. 4 cal/g Grams - CORRECT ANS-units of weight -g= cubic centimetre (cc) or millilitre (mL) of H2O under defined conditions of temperature and pressure Dietary Supplements - CORRECT ANS-pills, liquids, powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients Elemental Diets - CORRECT ANS-purified ingredients of known chemical component -intended to supply all essential nutrients to ppl who cannot eat foods Non nutrients - CORRECT ANS-compounds other than 6 nutrients that present in foods and have biological activity in body Phytochemical's - CORRECT ANS-non-nutrient compounds in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in body (colour, taste, etc of foods) -reduce disease risk Cultural and social menials attached to foods (6) 1.Cuisines 2. Foodways 3. Ethnic foods 4. Omnivores 5.Vegetarians 6. Vegans - CORRECT ANS-1. Cuisines= style of cooking 2. Foodways= sum of cultures, habits, customer, beliefs, and preferences concerning foods 3. Ethnic food= foods associated with particular cultural subgroups within population (symbolic to sharing culture) 4. Omnivores= eat plants and animals 5. Vegetarians= exclude animals 6. Vegans=include only food from plant source Assessment of Nutritional status (4) - CORRECT ANS-1. History 2. Anthropometric measures 3. physical examination 4. lab tests