Nursing Research in Canada, 5th Editionby Mina Singh Test Bank Chapter 01: The Role of Research in Nursing Singh: LoBiondo-Wood and Haber’s Nursing Research in Canada, 5th Edition (questions and ansers)

Chapter 02: Theoretical Framework Singh: LoBiondo-Wood and Haber’s Nursing Research in Canada, 5th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following definitions of paradigm is correct? a. A way of linking the naturalistic world to empirical thought. b. Philosophical beliefs that influence the way people in a society think about the world. c. A model that captures the interaction of specific variables within a known concept. d. A concept that encompasses the integration of “wholeness,” spirituality, and personal worth into scientific thought. ANS: B Feedback A Paradigms vary for naturalistic and empirical worlds. B Philosophical beliefs that influence the way people in a society think about the world defines the term paradigm. C A model that captures the interaction of specific variables within a known concept describes positivist approaches to research. D A concept that encompasses the integration of “wholeness,” spirituality, and personal worth into scientific thought is not a definition of the term paradigm; it describes a specific paradigm. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. Which of the following is the correct definition of theory? a. The assumptions and beliefs of the “worldview” of the researcher. b. A set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon. c. The specific and measurable premise or assumption based on which the rationale for research direction is established. d. A researcher’s “best guess” of the expected direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables. ANS: B Feedback A The worldview of a researcher does not define theory. B Theory is defined as a set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon. C Measurable assumptions could be considered propositions that are associated with a theory. D The researcher’s best guess as to the direction of a relationship is called a hypothesis. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. During a class examination, the course instructor notes that a student who usually does poorly in class tests has shaking hands, knocks over a bottle of water, breaks the points of two pencils, makes many erasures, and wrinkles her computer score sheet. The instructor concludes that the student has test anxiety. What type of reasoning is demonstrated by the instructor? a. Inductive reasoning b. Deductive reasoning c. Theoretical reasoning d. Faulty reasoning ANS: A Feedback A Inductive reasoning involves using the details of an experience to create a general picture. B Deductive reasoning takes theory and moves to more specific details. C Theoretical reasoning is not a type of logical reasoning. D The instructor did not use faulty reasoning. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. What is the major difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning? a. Inductive reasoning is theory driven, and deductive reasoning is independent of theory. b. Deductive reasoning forms the basis for qualitative research, and inductive reasoning forms the basis for quantitative research. c. Deductive reasoning is an unconscious approach in which intuition, rather than logical, is the key feature, whereas inductive reasoning encompasses a more logical and systematic approach to problem identification. d. Inductive reasoning starts with observed details that lead to a general structure or picture, whereas deductive reasoning begins with a structure or picture that guides the search for associated details. ANS: D Feedback A Inductive reasoning can develop theory. Deductive reasoning tests theory. B Deductive reasoning is used in quantitative research, and inductive reasoning is used in qualitative research. C Deductive research uses a logical, systemic approach to problem identification. D Inductive reasoning moves from specific to general, while deductive reasoning moves from general to specific. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. How are theory and practice interrelated? a. Practice is the operational definition of theory. b. Practice provides the opportunity to test theory. c. Theory provides the evidence on which practice is based. d. Theory generates questions that are used to refine practice. ANS: B Feedback A Theory is abstract and not defined as practice. B Practice environments provide settings to test theory. C Theory is a guide for research, and research provides evidence for practice. D Research helps refine questions related to practice. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. Which of the following research questions reflects an inductive approach to scientific inquiry? a. Is there a difference in infection rates among patients with neutropenia who eat from dishes cleaned with automatic dishwashers as compared with patients with neutropenia who eat from dishes that are hand washed? b. Do older adults residing in assisted-living settings have more social interaction than do older adults residing in their own homes? c. What is the relationship between self-esteem and loneliness in recently widowed women over 60? d. What is the experience of parents when their child is born more than 10 weeks preterm? ANS: D Feedback A Examining differences in infection rates is deductive. B Comparing social interactions in older adults is deductive. C Examining the specific relationship between self-esteem and loneliness is deductive. D Preterm delivery is a specific clinical situation. The study seeks to broaden the picture of that phenomenon by exploring parental experience in preterm delivery. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) MSC: NCLEX Client Care Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment; Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. In an article reporting the results of a qualitative study that used inductive reasoning methods, where is the conceptual framework usually presented? a. Introduction b. Methods c. Statistical Analysis d. Discussion