INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY EXAM #11 TERMS WELL
EXPLAINED
Race - correct answer A category of people who share certain inherited physical
characteristics, such as skin color, facial features, and stature.
Ethnicity - correct answer The shared social, cultural, and historical experiences,
stemming from common national or regional backgrounds, that make subgroups of a
population different from one another.
Stereotyping - correct answer The categorization of large numbers of people by
prejudiced individuals.
Minority Group - correct answer A group that is excluded or denied full participation and
is stereotyped, ridiculed, condemned, or otherwise defamed.
Ethnic Group - correct answer A subgroup of a population with: A set of shared social,
cultural, and historical experiences, relatively distinctive beliefs, values, and behaviors,
and some sense of identity of belonging to the subgroup.
Ethnic Pride - correct answer The sense of self-worth that many people derive from their
ethnic backgrounds.
Frustration-Aggression Theory - correct answer A theory which states that acts of
prejudice and discrimination are motivated by anger and frustration individuals feel
when they cannot achieve their work or goals.
Scapegoating - correct answer A form of aggressive action motivated by frustration
against minority groups because an individual is unable to vent frustration toward the
real target or cause.
Prejudice - correct answer Attitudes, beliefs, and judgments that prejudge a group,
usually negatively and not based on facts
Racism - correct answer Any attitude, belief, or institutional arrangement that favors one
racial group over another; this favoritism may result in intentional or unintentional
consequences for minority groups.
Discrimination - correct answer Actions taken against members of a minority group.
Individual Discrimination - correct answer Action taken against minority group members
Which can take the form of exclusion, avoidance, or violence.
Institutional Discrimination - correct answer Intentional and unintentional actions
ingrained in the normal or routine part of the way an organization operates that have
consequences that restrict minority group members.
, Family - correct answer A group of two or more people who are related by blood,
marriage, adoption, or a mutual commitment and who care for one another.
Nuclear Family - correct answer A family composed of two parents and their children
living in the same household.
Extended Family - correct answer A family in which parents, children, and other
relatives live in the same household.
Monogamy - correct answer One man and one woman are married only to each other.
Polygamy - correct answer The marriage of one person to two or more people at a time.
Self-Fulfilling Prophesy - correct answer The incorporation of stereotyped behavior into
an individual's view of themselves.
Polygyny - correct answer One man having many wives.
Polyandry - correct answer One woman having many husbands.
Endogamy - correct answer Marriage within a social category or group, including race,
ethnicity, social class, and religion.
Exogamy - correct answer Marriage between two people from different social categories
or groups
Patrilineal - correct answer Inheritance through the male line.
Matrilineal - correct answer Inheritance through the female line.
Patriarchal Family - correct answer A family where the husband and father holds the
main authority in the household.
Matriarchal Family - correct answer A family where the wife and mother holds the main
authority in the household.
Egalitarian Family - correct answer A family where both spouses share authority
equally.
Functionalism Theory for Family - correct answer The family performs several essential
functions for society. It socializes children, it provides emotional and practical support
for its members, it helps regulate sexual activity and sexual reproduction, and it
provides its members with a social identity. Sudden or far-reaching changes in the
family structure threaten its stability and weakens society.
EXPLAINED
Race - correct answer A category of people who share certain inherited physical
characteristics, such as skin color, facial features, and stature.
Ethnicity - correct answer The shared social, cultural, and historical experiences,
stemming from common national or regional backgrounds, that make subgroups of a
population different from one another.
Stereotyping - correct answer The categorization of large numbers of people by
prejudiced individuals.
Minority Group - correct answer A group that is excluded or denied full participation and
is stereotyped, ridiculed, condemned, or otherwise defamed.
Ethnic Group - correct answer A subgroup of a population with: A set of shared social,
cultural, and historical experiences, relatively distinctive beliefs, values, and behaviors,
and some sense of identity of belonging to the subgroup.
Ethnic Pride - correct answer The sense of self-worth that many people derive from their
ethnic backgrounds.
Frustration-Aggression Theory - correct answer A theory which states that acts of
prejudice and discrimination are motivated by anger and frustration individuals feel
when they cannot achieve their work or goals.
Scapegoating - correct answer A form of aggressive action motivated by frustration
against minority groups because an individual is unable to vent frustration toward the
real target or cause.
Prejudice - correct answer Attitudes, beliefs, and judgments that prejudge a group,
usually negatively and not based on facts
Racism - correct answer Any attitude, belief, or institutional arrangement that favors one
racial group over another; this favoritism may result in intentional or unintentional
consequences for minority groups.
Discrimination - correct answer Actions taken against members of a minority group.
Individual Discrimination - correct answer Action taken against minority group members
Which can take the form of exclusion, avoidance, or violence.
Institutional Discrimination - correct answer Intentional and unintentional actions
ingrained in the normal or routine part of the way an organization operates that have
consequences that restrict minority group members.
, Family - correct answer A group of two or more people who are related by blood,
marriage, adoption, or a mutual commitment and who care for one another.
Nuclear Family - correct answer A family composed of two parents and their children
living in the same household.
Extended Family - correct answer A family in which parents, children, and other
relatives live in the same household.
Monogamy - correct answer One man and one woman are married only to each other.
Polygamy - correct answer The marriage of one person to two or more people at a time.
Self-Fulfilling Prophesy - correct answer The incorporation of stereotyped behavior into
an individual's view of themselves.
Polygyny - correct answer One man having many wives.
Polyandry - correct answer One woman having many husbands.
Endogamy - correct answer Marriage within a social category or group, including race,
ethnicity, social class, and religion.
Exogamy - correct answer Marriage between two people from different social categories
or groups
Patrilineal - correct answer Inheritance through the male line.
Matrilineal - correct answer Inheritance through the female line.
Patriarchal Family - correct answer A family where the husband and father holds the
main authority in the household.
Matriarchal Family - correct answer A family where the wife and mother holds the main
authority in the household.
Egalitarian Family - correct answer A family where both spouses share authority
equally.
Functionalism Theory for Family - correct answer The family performs several essential
functions for society. It socializes children, it provides emotional and practical support
for its members, it helps regulate sexual activity and sexual reproduction, and it
provides its members with a social identity. Sudden or far-reaching changes in the
family structure threaten its stability and weakens society.
