Phar 428 pharmacokinetics Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion determines: Correct Answer 1. The speed of the onset of drug action 2. The intensity of drugs effect 3. Duration of action Why is knowledge of parameters important? Correct Answer Knowledge of parameters allows the pharmacist to optimize and design treatment regimens How does a drug access its access site? Correct Answer a drug must cross physical, chemical and biological barriers What presents a major barrier to drug transport? Correct Answer hydrophobic core The basic mechanisms involved in drug transport across membranes include: Correct Answer •Passive diffusion •Facilitated diffusion •Active transport •Endocytosis Passive diffusion Correct Answer ates transmembrane movement 2. Consist of 3 processes What 3 processes does passive diffusion consist of? Correct Answer •Partition from the aqueous to the lipid phase •Diffusion across the lipid bilayer •Repartition into the aqueous phase True or false: passive diffusion occurs down an electrochemical or concentration gradient of the drug? Correct Answer true Facilitated diffusion Correct Answer •Transport of drugs is facilitated by transmembrane carrier proteins. •Carrier proteins undergo conformational changes, allowing the passage of drugs into the cell based on their concentration or electrochemical gradient. * can be saturated but does not require energy Active transport Correct Answer •Transport of drugs is facilitated by transmembrane carrier proteins that require input of energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP. **against gradients and can be saturated when sites on the protein is occupied True or False: Active transport systems are selective and may be competitively inhibited by other co-transported substances. Correct Answer True Uptake and efflux of drugs from cells and mechanism is Na+/K+-atpase, a target of digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. Correct Answer active transport