Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 2nd Edition Theresa Capriotti DO, MSN, CRNP, RN. Exam 2 preparation

Macrophages ANSWER: first line of defense against foreign invaders, or antigens. they engulf, ingest, and enzymatically break down foreign matter. Ex. Bacteria, Pollen, viruses, and fungi B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes ANSWER: attack specific antigens while maintaining a memory of these antigens for future defense Lymphomas and Leukemias ANSWER: neoplastic disorders that affect WBC's Neoplastic- abnormal growth of cells Lymphomas ANSWER: solid tumors of lymphoid cells, affect approximately 3% of U.S. population Hodgkin's Lymphoma ANSWER: affects people primarily between 15-20 years of age and those aged 50-70 One of the most curable hematologic cancers and affects 1 in 25,000 annually Leukemias ANSWER: proliferation of cancerous WBCs affects approximately 350,000 annually, with 90% of those cases diagnosed in adults 3rd most common cancer in children proliferation- rapid increase in numbers Normal WBC count, with differential ANSWER: Normal WBC's count 5,000-10,000 cells per microliter Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear): 40%- 80% Immature Neutrophils (bands): 0-10% Lymphocytes: 20%-40% Monocytes (Macrophages) : 2%- 10% Eosinophils: 1%-7% Basophils: 0%-7% pluripotent stem cells ANSWER: differentiate into each of the different types of blood cells more names Myeloid and lymphoid stem cells Blast cells ANSWER: immature white blood cells Lymphocytes (developement) ANSWER: mature to a certain extent in the bone marrow, but then leave and complete the maturation process in lymphoid tis