DNA Genes and chromosomes
prokaryotic eukaryoticDNA
eukaryotic Dna is LONG LINEAR Associated w Histones
prokaryotic Dna is shorter circular not associated w proteins
prokaryotic Dna has nointrons
prokaryotic Dna also contained in plasmids
mitochondria chloroplast put is same as prokaryotic
In a eukaryotic cell
DNA associatedhistones fold toform a chromosome
Homologouspair 2 chromosomes with the same genes at the same loci but mayhave
differentalleles of samegene Imaternal I paternal
Gene a lengthof DNA that codes for theaminoacidsequence of a polypeptide
functionalRNA rRNA ERNA
Alleles Differentversions of the samegene
Locus position of gene on chromosome
Between genes there can be noncodingmultiplerepeats
Donotcodeforpolypeptide
theyaremultiplerepeatsofbases eg AtatatatAt
,Insidegene someparts code for polypeptide some dont
exons sequence ofbaseswithin a genethat code forAAsequence ofpolypeptide
introns sequence of bases withina gene that donotcode forAAsequence of polypeptide
intranscription premrnasplicedtoremoveintrons
prokaryoticDnahasno introns
Thegeneticcode
triplet 3baseson DNA
codefor I AminoAcid
codon 3bases on mRNA
complementaryto a DNAtriplet
codes for I aminoacid
anticodon 3 tRNAbases complementarytocodon
Universal in all organisms the sametripletcodesfor same aminoacid
Non overlapping each base is onlypartof I tripletandonlyread once
Degenerate There can be more than one tripletcode for an Amino Acid
, DNA Protein Synthesis
genome thecomplete set of genes in a cell
proteome the fullrange of proteins a cell is able to produce
MRNA d
RNAsugarribose DNAdeoxyribose
RNAhasuracilinsteadof thymine
t
Ribose RNAsinglestranded DNAdoublestranded
RNAis a shootermoleculethanDNA
ERNA
singleRNAmolecule with Hbondsbetween complementary bases folding itinto a cloverleaf shape
hasAAbindingsite
has sequence of 3 bases calledanticodon
Differences w me
ERNAshorter
qq.ggg.gg
tRNAcloverleafshaped mRNAstraightmolecule
GO ERNAhasHbonds mRNAdoesnot
tRNAhasanticodon mrnahascodons
vow
anticodon
tRNAhas AminoAcidbindingsite mrnadoesn't
prokaryotic eukaryoticDNA
eukaryotic Dna is LONG LINEAR Associated w Histones
prokaryotic Dna is shorter circular not associated w proteins
prokaryotic Dna has nointrons
prokaryotic Dna also contained in plasmids
mitochondria chloroplast put is same as prokaryotic
In a eukaryotic cell
DNA associatedhistones fold toform a chromosome
Homologouspair 2 chromosomes with the same genes at the same loci but mayhave
differentalleles of samegene Imaternal I paternal
Gene a lengthof DNA that codes for theaminoacidsequence of a polypeptide
functionalRNA rRNA ERNA
Alleles Differentversions of the samegene
Locus position of gene on chromosome
Between genes there can be noncodingmultiplerepeats
Donotcodeforpolypeptide
theyaremultiplerepeatsofbases eg AtatatatAt
,Insidegene someparts code for polypeptide some dont
exons sequence ofbaseswithin a genethat code forAAsequence ofpolypeptide
introns sequence of bases withina gene that donotcode forAAsequence of polypeptide
intranscription premrnasplicedtoremoveintrons
prokaryoticDnahasno introns
Thegeneticcode
triplet 3baseson DNA
codefor I AminoAcid
codon 3bases on mRNA
complementaryto a DNAtriplet
codes for I aminoacid
anticodon 3 tRNAbases complementarytocodon
Universal in all organisms the sametripletcodesfor same aminoacid
Non overlapping each base is onlypartof I tripletandonlyread once
Degenerate There can be more than one tripletcode for an Amino Acid
, DNA Protein Synthesis
genome thecomplete set of genes in a cell
proteome the fullrange of proteins a cell is able to produce
MRNA d
RNAsugarribose DNAdeoxyribose
RNAhasuracilinsteadof thymine
t
Ribose RNAsinglestranded DNAdoublestranded
RNAis a shootermoleculethanDNA
ERNA
singleRNAmolecule with Hbondsbetween complementary bases folding itinto a cloverleaf shape
hasAAbindingsite
has sequence of 3 bases calledanticodon
Differences w me
ERNAshorter
qq.ggg.gg
tRNAcloverleafshaped mRNAstraightmolecule
GO ERNAhasHbonds mRNAdoesnot
tRNAhasanticodon mrnahascodons
vow
anticodon
tRNAhas AminoAcidbindingsite mrnadoesn't
