CEN Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers

Which dysrhythmia would be identified on an ECG/EKG six-second strip by a heart rate of 76 and a PR interval of 0.24? tachycardia -degree atrioventricular block bradycardia ional escape rhythm B: First-degree atrioventricular block is diagnosed partially by an EKG showing a PR interval of greater than 0.20 seconds. Which blood test may indicate infection or inflammation and would need to be used as part of the clinical picture with diagnosing and treating abdominal pain? blood cell (WBC) count of 5.0 ocrit (HCT) of 45 c.WBC count of 28.0 sugar (BS) of 74 C: An elevated WBC count would be indicative of infection or inflammation. The WBC count of 5.0 is normal. The HCT and BS levels listed would also be considered within normal limits. A 30-year-old man comes to the emergency department with the acute onset of left flank pain radiating to the groin. Microscopic hematuria is present on urinalysis. What is the most likely diagnosis? ral calcium oxalate calculus ral cystine calculus cular torsion tis A: Ureteral calculi are a quite common cause of acute emergency evaluation, usually causing flank pain with radiation to the back and/or groin. About 75% of these are calcium oxalate or phosphate; less common are struvite, uric acid, or cystine calculi. While KUB or ultrasound may show the stone, helical CT is now the preferred diagnostic method. Additional workup includes CBC, chemistry panel, urinalysis, and straining of urine to catch a passed stone for chemical analysis. Nursing attention should be directed to intravenous hydration with input and output recording and narcotic or narcotic plus NSAID (e.g., ketorolac) administration for pain. Some patients may be discharged with analgesics and instructions for hydration and calculus capture. Testicular torsion is most common in adolescents and usually presents with testicular and groin pain with abdominal radiation; increasing pain by lifting the scrotum to the level of the pubic symphysis causes exacerbation of the pain (Prehn sign). Cystitis may be infectious or drug-induced, but cystitis usually causes dysuria and pyuria and shows positive urine cultures.