queens bio 103 review Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

fixed action pattern - Answer-a sequence of unlearned acts directly linked to a simple stimulus sign stimulus - Answer-External sensory stimulus that triggers a fixed action pattern. how do birds know where to migrate? - Answer-1. relative to the sun 2. landmarks 3. stars 4. magnetic field cirannual rhythms - Answer-behavioral rhythms linked to the yearly cycle of seasons circadian rhythm - Answer-the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle signal - Answer-a stimulus transmitted from one animal to another. allows for communication four modes of animal communication - Answer-visual, chemical, tactile, auditory how do bees communicate where nearby food is? - Answer-the "Waggle dance". depending on the direction, distance etc. indicated directions to the food relative to the sun and hive innate behavior - Answer-A behavior that is developmentally fixed. it is instinct rather than a learned behavior associative learning - Answer-learning that certain events occur together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences (as in operant conditioning). classical conditioning - Answer-a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events. Pavlovs ratsoperant conditioning - Answer-a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher cognition - Answer-the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating social learning - Answer-process of altering behavior by observing and imitating the behavior of others promiscuous - Answer-No strong pair bonds or lasting relationships. monogamous - Answer-One male mating with one female. polygamous - Answer-An individual of one sex mating with several of the other. polygyny - Answer-One male, several females. polyandry - Answer-One female, several males. sexual dimorphism - Answer-Differences in physical characteristics between males and females of the same species. agonsitic behavior - Answer-an often-ritualized contest that determines which competitor gains access to resources altruism - Answer-unselfish regard for the welfare of others kin selection - Answer-the process by which evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with their relativespopulation density - Answer-Number of individuals per unit area population dispersion - Answer-way in which individuals of a population are spread out over an area or volume Immigration - Answer-Movement of individuals into a population Emmigration - Answer-movement of individuals out of a population