,Chapter 01: Health Defined: Objectives for Promotion and Prevention
Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 9th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive
health care?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model abirb.com/test
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: A abirb.com/test
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative
of health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek care.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 3.
2. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider, as well as receives
acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
abirb.com/test
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model abirb.com/test
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical,
abirb.com/test
social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and
creating meaning in life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for
someone who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic
model often look for alternative providers of care. abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 3
3. Halbert Dunn (1961) introduced the concept of high level abirb.com/test
wellness, a health-illness continuum
which factored in the individual’s environment when determining a level of health. Which of
the following statements is correct concerning his model?
a. Care recipients who are terminal or dying could not be classified as having
abirb.com/test
high-level wellness.
b. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and
societal level.
c. It provides a view of health which is in opposition to the
abirb.com/test
eudaimonistic model of
health.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
ANS: B abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
, Dunn’s construct of high level wellness assesses a person’s wellness not only from the
perspective of his relative health but also factors in his environment—favorable or
unfavorable—to arrive at a more comprehensive determination of relative wellness. With this
abirb.com/test
concept in mind, a person who is dying can be said to have achieved high-level wellness via
emotionally preparing for death and/or supporting others toward this end. His concept defines
health on both personal and societal levels. This model is similar to the eudaimonistic model
abirb.com/test
of health which factors in physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects as well as
influences from the environment in defining health. For these reasons, choices A, C, and D
would all be incorrect.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 4
4. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential
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and is experienced within a developmental context is known as
a. growth and development.
b. health.
c. functioning. abirb.com/test
d. high-level wellness.
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
abirb.com/test
person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 5
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5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia
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c. Someone with a headache
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be
described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the
resources available to meet those needs. A person can haveabirb.com/test
a disease without feeling ill. The
other choices represent disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: p. 6
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6. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
b. Healthy People 2020 abirb.com/test
c. Healthy People 2000
d. The US Surgeon General Report
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark
documents in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked with
US Public Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 6
7. Which of the following is one of the four overreaching goals for Healthy People 2020 (US
abirb.com/test
Department of Health and Human Services)?
a. Decreased tobacco use in youth throughout the nation
b. Achieve health equality and eliminate disparity for all groups
abirb.com/test
c. Increased public funding for health insurance
d. Decreased hospital re-admission rates
ANS: B
Healthy people 2020 has four overarching goals to includeabirb.com/test
the following: 1. attain high
quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. 2.
Achieve health equality, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. 3. Create
social and physical environments that promote good healthabirb.com/test
for all. 4. Promote quality of life,
healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. Choices A, C, and D are
possible strategies to achieve the state goals but they do not reflect the actual published
overarching goals.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 7
8. Which of the following statements accurately reflect primordial prevention?
abirb.com/test
a. It concerns interventions directed at the fetus while in utero to assure lifelong
health.
b. It is a more modern term used interchangeably with primary prevention.
abirb.com/test
c. It is a health-promotion strategy which reflects policy-level interventions.
d. It refers administering vaccines to prevent individuals from developing the disease.
ANS: C
Primordial prevention is a fairly new concept which has been abirb.com/test
added to the more traditional
modalities of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Primordial refers to the time frame
before a risk factor develops and before disease occurs. Primordial prevention reflects
policy-level interventions which will serve to prevent disease. Such prevention is typically
abirb.com/test
implemented at the “national, state, or community” levels. Examples of primordial prevention
would be state regulations which mandate healthy food for school-based lunch programs or
regulations which call for the elimination of trans fats in commercial foods. By contrast,
abirb.com/test
primary prevention are those interventions which are directed at the individual in the interest
of preventing disease. Vaccinating an individual against disease would be an example of
primary prevention as would be education and interventions (exercise, low fat, avoiding
excess salt) aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease before it occurs.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 9
9. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
abirb.com/test
a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles
b. Blood pressure screening
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization
abirb.com/test
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization
ANS: A
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 9th Edition
abirb.com/test
MULTIPLE CHOICE
abirb.com/test
1. Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive
health care?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model abirb.com/test
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: A abirb.com/test
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative
of health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek care.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 3.
2. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider, as well as receives
acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
abirb.com/test
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model abirb.com/test
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical,
abirb.com/test
social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and
creating meaning in life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for
someone who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic
model often look for alternative providers of care. abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 3
3. Halbert Dunn (1961) introduced the concept of high level abirb.com/test
wellness, a health-illness continuum
which factored in the individual’s environment when determining a level of health. Which of
the following statements is correct concerning his model?
a. Care recipients who are terminal or dying could not be classified as having
abirb.com/test
high-level wellness.
b. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and
societal level.
c. It provides a view of health which is in opposition to the
abirb.com/test
eudaimonistic model of
health.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
ANS: B abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
, Dunn’s construct of high level wellness assesses a person’s wellness not only from the
perspective of his relative health but also factors in his environment—favorable or
unfavorable—to arrive at a more comprehensive determination of relative wellness. With this
abirb.com/test
concept in mind, a person who is dying can be said to have achieved high-level wellness via
emotionally preparing for death and/or supporting others toward this end. His concept defines
health on both personal and societal levels. This model is similar to the eudaimonistic model
abirb.com/test
of health which factors in physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects as well as
influences from the environment in defining health. For these reasons, choices A, C, and D
would all be incorrect.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 4
4. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential
abirb.com/test
and is experienced within a developmental context is known as
a. growth and development.
b. health.
c. functioning. abirb.com/test
d. high-level wellness.
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
abirb.com/test
person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 5
abirb.com/test
5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia
abirb.com/test
c. Someone with a headache
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be
described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the
resources available to meet those needs. A person can haveabirb.com/test
a disease without feeling ill. The
other choices represent disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: p. 6
abirb.com/test
6. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
b. Healthy People 2020 abirb.com/test
c. Healthy People 2000
d. The US Surgeon General Report
ANS: C abirb.com/test
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark
documents in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked with
US Public Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
abirb.com/test
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 6
7. Which of the following is one of the four overreaching goals for Healthy People 2020 (US
abirb.com/test
Department of Health and Human Services)?
a. Decreased tobacco use in youth throughout the nation
b. Achieve health equality and eliminate disparity for all groups
abirb.com/test
c. Increased public funding for health insurance
d. Decreased hospital re-admission rates
ANS: B
Healthy people 2020 has four overarching goals to includeabirb.com/test
the following: 1. attain high
quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. 2.
Achieve health equality, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. 3. Create
social and physical environments that promote good healthabirb.com/test
for all. 4. Promote quality of life,
healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. Choices A, C, and D are
possible strategies to achieve the state goals but they do not reflect the actual published
overarching goals.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 7
8. Which of the following statements accurately reflect primordial prevention?
abirb.com/test
a. It concerns interventions directed at the fetus while in utero to assure lifelong
health.
b. It is a more modern term used interchangeably with primary prevention.
abirb.com/test
c. It is a health-promotion strategy which reflects policy-level interventions.
d. It refers administering vaccines to prevent individuals from developing the disease.
ANS: C
Primordial prevention is a fairly new concept which has been abirb.com/test
added to the more traditional
modalities of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Primordial refers to the time frame
before a risk factor develops and before disease occurs. Primordial prevention reflects
policy-level interventions which will serve to prevent disease. Such prevention is typically
abirb.com/test
implemented at the “national, state, or community” levels. Examples of primordial prevention
would be state regulations which mandate healthy food for school-based lunch programs or
regulations which call for the elimination of trans fats in commercial foods. By contrast,
abirb.com/test
primary prevention are those interventions which are directed at the individual in the interest
of preventing disease. Vaccinating an individual against disease would be an example of
primary prevention as would be education and interventions (exercise, low fat, avoiding
excess salt) aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease before it occurs.
abirb.com/test
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: p. 9
9. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
abirb.com/test
a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles
b. Blood pressure screening
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization
abirb.com/test
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization
ANS: A
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abirb.com/test
