NCLEX RN TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND CORRECT

NCLEX RN TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND CORRECT What instruction would be given to client taking alendronate sodium (Fosamax)? A. Take med before arising B. Force fluids while taking this med C. Remain upright for 30 min after taking D. Take med in conjunction w/ estrogen - CORRECT ANSWER-C - alendronate sodium used to Tx osteoporosis; remain upright because it causes gastric reflux The client is discharged from the unit with a prescription for Evista (raloxifene HCl). Which of the following is a SE of this med? A. leg cramps B. hot flashes C. urinary frequency D. cold extremities - CORRECT ANSWER-B - same class as tamoxifen chemo for breast cancer; but Evista used to treat osteoporosis. This med has an agonist effect, so it binds with estrogen and may cause hot flashes An elderly diabetic who has been maintained on metformin (Glucophage) is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. Which instruction should be given to client? A. take med as ordered prior to exam B. limit amount of protein in diet prior to exam C. d/c med prior to exam D. take med with only water prior to exam - CORRECT ANSWER-C - Glucophage may cause renal problems and the dye used in cardiac cath is also detrimental to kidneys. Client may be placed on sliding scale for 48hr after dye procedure or until renal function returns The client's mother contacts the clinic regarding med admin stating, "my daughter can't swallow this capsule. It's too large" Investigation reveals the med is a capsule marked SR. The nurse should instruct the mother to: A. open capsule and mix med with ice cream B. crush med and administer with 8 oz of liquid C. call pharmacist and request alternative preparation of med D. stop med and inform physician at follow-up visit - CORRECT ANSWER-C - SR = sustained release and cannot be altered A 5 y/o is being treated for acute asthma attack using racemic epi nebulizer stat. Which finding indicates an adverse effect of this med? A. excitability B. tremors C. HR 150 D. Nausea - CORRECT ANSWER-C - adverse effects of epi include HTN and Tachycardia; others are expected side effects of racemic epi The client is being treated with IV vancomycin for MRSA when nurse notes redness of client's neck and chest. Place in ordered sequence the actions to be taken by the nurse A. call doctor B. stop IV infusion C. administer benadryl as ordered D. take VS - CORRECT ANSWER-B,D,A,C A client with leukemia is receiving oral prednisolone (Prednisone). An expected SE of the prolonged use of prednisolone is which of the following? A. weight loss B. decreased appetite C. hirsutism D. integumentary bronzing - CORRECT ANSWER-C Which lab result would concern the nurse caring for a client who is receiving furosemide (Lasix)? A. potassium level of 2.5 B. sodium level of 140 C. glucose level of 110 D. calcium level of 8 - CORRECT ANSWER-A Which instruction should be given to a client taking Lugol's solution prior to a thyroidectomy? A. take at bedtime B. take med with juice C. report changes in appetite D. avoid sunshine while taking this med - CORRECT ANSWER-B - Lugol's solution is solution of potassium iodide and should be given with juice because it is bitter to taste A client is admitted to recovery room following exploratory laparotomy. Which med should be kept nearby? A. nitroprusside (Nipride) B. naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan) C. flumazenil (Romazicon) D. diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - CORRECT ANSWER-B - during postop period, narcotics are given A client with renal failure has an order for erythropoietin (Epogen) to be given SUBCUT. The nurse should teach the client to report which of the following? A. severe headache B. slight nausea C. decreased urination D. itching - CORRECT ANSWER-A - severe headache can indicate impending seizure activity The client is admitted complaining of N/V for past 3 days. The doctor has ordered D5 1/2NS with potassium added. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? A. obtain IV controller B. check client's VS hourly C. check sodium level D. obtain an 18G cathlon to begin infusion - CORRECT ANSWER-A - if potassium added to IV fluids, controller required because a too-rapid infusion of potassium can lead to cardiac arrhythmias The client is admitted to the unit with 3rd degree burns to chest and neck. The nurse should be vigilant to assess which of following? A. circulation B. airway C. urinary output D. pain - CORRECT ANSWER-B - because of burns to chest, it is likely that he has airway difficulty; also assess for smoke inhalation The client with hypoparathyroidism has a lack of parathyroid hormone. This client will most likely have a serum calcium level of which of the following? A. 3.5 mg/dl B. 10.9 mg/dl C. 14.7 mg/dl D. 18.5 mg/dl - CORRECT ANSWER-A - normal calcium is 8.5 - 10.5; all the other answers were elevated The client is admitted with a pH of 7.30, PaCO2 of 48 mmHg, and a HCO3 of 30. The nurse assess these findings as which of the following? A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-C - pH low; PaCO2 elevated; HCO3 elevated The client is admitted following an MVA. Extensive internal bleeding is suspected. Serum pH is 7.0, PaCO2 is 32 mmHg, and HCO3 is 20 mEq/dl. The nurse should assess the lab finding as which of the following? A. metabolic acidosis B. metabolic alkalosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-A - client with internal bleeding will most likely have metabolic acidosis. pH low, PaCO2 low, HCO3 down Which of the following equipment should be obtained to safely administer magnesium sulfate? A. internal FHR monitor B. IV rate controller C. blood admin set D. wall suction device - CORRECT ANSWER-B - IV rate controller must be obtained to safely give mag. No need for internal FHR monitor Which med can potentiate fluid volume deficit? A. Insulin B. inderal (propranolol) C. Lasix (furosemide) D. Valium (diazepam) - CORRECT ANSWER-C The client is admitted to the unit with anorexia nervosa. The nurse is aware that this client might show signs of which of the following? A. metabolic alkalosis B. metabolic acidosis C. respiratory alkalosis D. respiratory acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-B - client with anorexia nervosa is in a state of negative nitrogen balance, and likely experiencing metabolic acidosis The client is admitted with a blood glucose level of 545 mg/dl. Which action by the nurse indicates that the nurse is aware of the client's needs? A. Nurse prepares an IV of D10W B. nurse prepares to administer insulin IV C. nurse obtains NPH insulin for admin D. the nurse inserts a foley cath - CORRECT ANSWER-B The function of the lungs in acid/base balance is to perform which of the following? A. control HCO3 B. retain or blow off CO2 C. regulate potassium levels D. maintain sodium levels - CORRECT ANSWER-B A client with HTN has an order for furosemide. Which lab finding should be reported to physician A. phosphorus 2.5 mEq/L B. potassium 1.8 mEq/L C. calcium 9.4 mg/dl D. magnesium 2.4 mEq/L - CORRECT ANSWER-B - client taking furosemide at risk for developing hypokalemia A client is admitted with a diagnosis of heart block. The nurse is aware that the pacemaker of the heart is the: A. AV node B. Purkinje fibers C. SA node D. Bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER-C - SA node -- AV node -- L and R bundle branches -- Purkinje fibers Client being treated with nitroprussde (Nitropress). The nurse is aware that this med: A. should be protected from light B. is a non-potassium-sparing diuretic C. causes vasoconstriction D. decreases circulation to extremities - CORRECT ANSWER-A - nitroglycerine preparations should be protected from light because light decreases effectiveness of this category of med A client being treated with lisinopril (Zestril) develops a hacking cough. The nurse should tell the client to: A. take half the dose to control the problem B. take cough medicine to control the problem C. stop the med D. report the problem to the doctor - CORRECT ANSWER-D - common SE and should be reported to the doctor An elderly client taking digitalis develops constipation. The nurse is aware that constipation in a client taking digitalis might: A. develop elevated digitalis level B. have decrease in digitalis level C. have alterations in sodium levels D. develop tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER-A - client taking digitalis should avoid constipation because constipation can lead to digitalis toxicity The client is suspected of having had an MI. Which diagnostic is most significant? A. LDH B. Troponin C. Creatinine D. AST - CORRECT ANSWER-B A client with an internally implanted defibrillator should be taught to: A. avoid driving a car B. avoid eating food cooked in a microwave C. refrain from using a cell phone D. report swelling at the site - CORRECT ANSWER-D A client is scheduled for a cardiac cath. Following the procedure, the nurse should: A. assess for allergy to iodine B. check pulses proximal to the site C. assess urinary ouput D. check to ensure that client has consent form signed - CORRECT ANSWER-C - dye used in procedure can cause decrease in renal function; pulses should be checked proximal to the site A client with Buerger's disease complains of pain in the lower extremities. The nurse is aware that Buerger's disease is also called: A. pheochromocytoma B. intermittent claudication C. Kawasaki disease D. Thromboangiitis obliterans - CORRECT ANSWER-D A client with an abdominal aneurysm frequently complains of: A. a headache B. SOB only during sleep C. lower back pain D. difficulty voiding - CORRECT ANSWER-C - often complain of nausea, lower back pain, and feeling their heart beat in their abdomen The client is being admitted to the hospital with a prolactinoma. Which symptom is not associated with a pituitary tumor? A. amenorrhea B. headache C. blurred vision D. weight loss - CORRECT ANSWER-D - weight gain can occur, not loss. Prolactinoma tumors are tumors arising from hyperplasia of pituitary gland Which of the following is the drug commonly used to treat a prolactinoma? A. gemcitabine (Gemzar) B. gefitinib (Iressa) C. cabergoline (Dostinex) D. ganciclovir (cytovene) - CORRECT ANSWER-C - Dostinex used to shrink prolactin-based tumors The client is admitted with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The nurse is aware that he will exhibit signs of which of the following? A. hyperthyroidism B. hypothyroidism C. hypoparathyroidism D. hyperparathyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-B - in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, antibodies against thyroid hormones are produced, which leads to a decrease in thyroid hormone release