NUSC 1165 Exam 4 Versions Latest 2024 With Verified Questions And Answers (GRADED A+)

NUSC 1165 Exam 4 Versions Latest 2024 With Verified Questions And Answers (GRADED A+) Version 1 Protein digestion - ANSWER-Protein is broken down by pepsin (trypsin, chymotrypsin) into amino acids Triglyceride digestion - ANSWER-Triglycerides are broken down by lipase to fatty acids and glycerol Absorption - ANSWER-The process of taking substances directly into the body Gastrointestinal tract - ANSWER-Site of digestion and absorption Direct contact with nutrients Accessory Organs - ANSWER-Produce substances that assist in digestion Do not come into direct contact with nutrients from food Small intestine - ANSWER-Main site for digestion and absorption Hydrochlroic acid - ANSWER-Acidifies food contents Destroys harmful bacteria Pepsin activates hydrochloric acid Villi - ANSWER-Fingerlike projections Participate in digestion and absorption of nutrients Microvilli - ANSWER-Covers the villi Increases the surface area of the small intestine Contains digestive enzymes Lacteals - ANSWER-Small lymph vessel in the small intestine Vessels that handle the transport of lipid digestion products Capillaries - ANSWER-Vessel located in the villi Transports amino acids, sugars, and water-soluble nutrients Pancreas - ANSWER-Produces bicarbonate ions to neutralize acids Gallbladder - ANSWER-Stores bile Simple diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules into the small intestinal cell from a high concentration gradient to a low concentration gradient Does not require a carrier protein and energy in order to proceed Osmosis - ANSWER-Movement of water from a low concentration of nutrients to a high concentration of nutrients inside of the intestinal cell Does not require energy and a protein carrier Active transport - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from a low to high concentration inside of the cell Requires a protein carrier Requires energy Facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of molecules from a high to low concentration inside of the intestinal cell Requires a protein carrier Does not require energy Large intestine - ANSWER-5 feet long Comprised of the colon and the rectum Does not participate directly in digestion Involved in absorbing water, vitamins, and minerals Long transit time (up to 24 hours) which allows for further bacterial growth Compacts unabsorbed substances into feces Intestinal microbiota - ANSWER-Needed for optimal gastrointestinal tract function and maintaining immune function and overall health Protection - ANSWER-Maintenance of the intestinal mucosa layer and serves as a barrier Modulates inflammation in the digestive tract Prevents growth of disease-causing bactera Immune-system maturation - ANSWER-Allows for the immune system to tolerate harmless bacteria and respond to harmful bacteria Metabolism - ANSWER-Regulating energy intake, expenditure, and storage Regulates glucose homeostasis Probiotics - ANSWER-Products containing live bacteria Common sources: yogurt and tablets Residing temporarily in the colon Health benefits