NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A.

NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A. Design Theory - ANSWER A way to direct design based on a system of beliefs or philosophy. Theory - ANSWER The most fundamental beginning of design. Design History - ANSWER A valuable contribution to design theory by suggesting how past designs solved certain problems or represented particular ideal. Environmental Design - ANSWER A theory that focuses on the interaction between humans and their environments that attempts to develop a rational design approach based on scientific research rather than anecdotal evidence or personal philosophy. Often does not take into account the interaction between humans and buildings. Evidence Based Design - ANSWER Basing design in credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome. Often used in healthcare but has been applied to education and workplace design. Functionalism - ANSWER A simple rational design solution to design problems without extraneous decoration. Reduced interiors to only what was required to meet strict functional needs without unnecessary decorations. Le Corbusier - ANSWER A house is a machine for the living Gestalt Pyschology - ANSWER a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts Simultaneous Constrast - ANSWER a phenomenon in which a color appears to change depending on the background color. Grouping - ANSWER humans perceive separate units in the visual NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A field as a group, through proximity, similarity, direction, and context Closure (form constancy) - ANSWER the tendency to perceive incomplete forms as a whole Continuity - ANSWER the tendency to see a line or shape as continuing in a particular direction rather than making a sharp turn. Simplicity - ANSWER humans prefer the simplest, most stable organization of forms. the brain organizes forms into the fewest number of lines or parts. Figure-ground - ANSWER the was form (figure) is distinguished from surroundings (ground) Perceptual Constancy - ANSWER perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent lightness, color, shape, and size) even as illumination and retinal images change Shape Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects as having their original shape regardless of change in orientation or point of view. Size Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects having the same size regardless of viewing distance. Lightness Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects to have the same lightness or darkness regardless of the illumination of the space in which it is viewed Color Constancy - ANSWER the perception of an objects color as the same regardless of the lighting conditions Binocular Disparity - ANSWER the difference in the retinal images of the left and right eye which allows the viewer to perceive distance and three-dimensions Interposition - ANSWER a distant object may appear to be overlapped or partly hidden by a closer object Linear Perspective - ANSWER parallel lines appear to recede toward a single point in the distance Atmosphere Perspective - ANSWER haziness of an object that increases with distance caused by small particles in the air Texture Perspective - ANSWER the density of a texture seems to increases as the distance for the viewer increases. Size Clues - ANSWER when wo objects are the same size but the further one will make a smaller image on the retina than the closer Horizon Line Relationship - ANSWER the closer an object is to the horizon line the further away it is. Cue Inconsistency - ANSWER visual cue inconsistencies such as an unpleasant smell in a restaurant or echoes in a small intimate space Political conditions - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through political thought that creates awareness to a design ideal Economic Conditions - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through the economic growth at the time. cultural attitudes - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through cultural views of family, shared values, religion, fashion, leisure pursuits, sports, etc. Symbolism - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design though a clients idea of what the project should be. Regionalism - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design by local geographic area Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER A variety of human needs that are defined by two groups: deficiency needs and growth needs. Deficiency needs are food, water, minimal bodily comforts, safety needs, belonging and love, self- esteem. Growth needs are self-actualization, education, order and beauty, and self transcendence. Behavior Setting - ANSWER A particular place with definable boundaries and objects in which a standing pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time. Territoriality - ANSWER The human need to lay claim to the spaces we occupy and the things we own. Proxemics - ANSWER Created by Edward T. Hall which describes how people use space. Intimate Distance - ANSWER Physical contact to 18" Personal Distance - ANSWER 18" to 4' Social Distance - ANSWER 4 to 12 feet. 4 to 7 in a close phase and 7 to 12 in the far phase. Public Distance - ANSWER Ranging from 12 feet outward Point - ANSWER perceived when a two dimensionally perceived object appears relatively small in relation to the plane against which it is seen.