Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Instructor Manual
Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Table of Contents
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter.......................................................................................................2
Cengage Supplements.................................................................................................................................2
Chapter Objectives......................................................................................................................................2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments................................................................................3
Key Terms...................................................................................................................................................3
What's New in This Chapter........................................................................................................................5
Chapter Outline...........................................................................................................................................6
Discussion Questions...................................................................................................................................7
Additional Activities and Assignments......................................................................................................12
Appendix...................................................................................................................................................14
Generic Rubrics......................................................................................................................................14
Standard Wri琀椀ng Rubric........................................................................................................................14
Standard Discussion Rubric...................................................................................................................15
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Purpose and Perspec琀椀ve of the Chapter
The purpose of this chapter is to explore several different aspects of the corporate social responsibility, or
CSR, topic and provide some insights into what CSR means and how businesses are carrying it out. An
entire chapter is devoted to CSR concepts because it is a core idea that underlies most of the material in
the textbook. This chapter also focuses on the concept of corporate citizenship.
Cengage Supplements
The following product-level supplements provide additional information that may help you in preparing
your course. They are available in the Instructor Resource Center.
Instructor’s Manual
Transition Guide
Test Banks
PowerPoint Slides
Case Notes
Chapter Objec琀椀ves
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
02.01 Describe some early views of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Explain how CSR evolved
and encompasses economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic components. Explain the Pyramid
of CSR. How is it a unified whole, dynamic, and sustainable? How does ethics permeate the
pyramid? Will the pyramid vary globally?
02.02 Articulate the traditional arguments both against and for CSR. Explain how the business case
for CSR has strengthened the concept’s acceptance.
02.03 Describe how the concept of corporate social responsiveness differs from CSR.
02.04 Explain how corporate social performance (CSP) became more popular. Describe how it is
different than CSR. What does corporate social impact address?
02.05 Describe how corporate citizenship is a valuable way of thinking about CSR. Explain its broad
and narrow views.
02.06 Summarize the three perspectives on the relationship between corporate social performance
(CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP).
02.07 Define CSR Greenwashing and how it may lead to misleading reputational profiles of
companies.
02.08 Describe and characterize the socially responsible investing movement. Differentiate between
negative and positive screens that are used in investment decisions.
Complete List of Chapter Ac琀椀vi琀椀es and Assessments
For additional guidance, refer to the Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT Slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
2.8 2 Icebreaker: Grassroots Good 10 minutes
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
2.1 9 Discussion: CSR Meaning 15 minutes
2.1 13 Discussion: The Pyramid of Corporate 15 minutes
Social Responsibility
2.1 15 Discussion: Pyramid of CSR 15 minutes
2.1 17 Discussion: CSR Exemplar Firm 15 minutes
2.2 23 Discussion: Arguments against CSR 15 minutes
2.5 31 Discussion: Responsibility, 20 minutes
Responsiveness, and Citizenship
2.8 43 Discussion: CSR Frameworks 15 minutes
2.9 47 Discussion: Impact Investing 15 minutes
[return to top]
Key Terms
Business Case for CSR: the reasons why businesspeople believe that CSR brings distinct benefits or
advantages to their organizations as well as to the business community
Business for Social Responsibility (BSR): formed to fill an urgent need for a national business alliance
that fosters socially responsible corporate policies.
Conscious capitalism: a broader term for the concept of corporate social responsibility
Corporate citizenship: the concept of corporate social responsibility
Corporate social impact: addresses what impact or effect is being realized or felt by the recipients of the
firm’s performance initiatives
Corporate social performance (CSP): suggests that what really matters is what companies are able to
achieve—the results or outcomes of their acceptance of CSR
Corporate social responsibility (CSR): seriously considering the impact of the company’s actions on
society
Corporate social responsiveness: an action-oriented variant of CSR
Creating shared value (CSV): argues that business and society could be brought back together again if
businesses redefined their basic purpose as creating shared value
CSR exemplar firms: socially responsible firms have become models for other firms
CSR Greenwashing: intentionally seeking to convey the image of a socially responsible firm when the
evidence of their practices does not support this conclusion
Economic responsibilities: the objectives to produce goods and services that society needs and wants
and to sell them at fair prices
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing: a comprehensive investing approach
complete with social and environmental screens, shareholder activism, and community investment
Ethical responsibilities: encompassing those decision and practice arenas in which society expects
certain levels of moral or principled performance but for which it has not yet been articulated or codified
into law
Explicit CSR: voluntary, self-interest-driven policies, programs, and strategies as is typical in U.S.-based
understandings of CSR
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Global corporate citizenship: international extensions of serious considerations of the impact of the
company’s actions on society
Impact investing: considers environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) criteria aimed at
generating long-term competitive financial returns and positive societal impact
Implicit CSR: embraces the entirety of a country’s formal and informal institutions that assign
corporations an agreed-on share of responsibility for society’s concerns
Legal responsibilities: reflect society’s view of “codified ethics” in the sense that they articulate basic
notions of fair practices that are established by lawmakers
Mainstream adopters (of CSR): A third group of CSR exemplar firms that includes all other
conventional businesses that have adopted, practiced, and achieved some degree of distinction or
recognition for socially responsible policies and practices
Philanthropic responsibilities: these are perceived and understood as responsibilities because they
reflect current expectations of business by the public
Philanthropy: organized charitable giving
Purpose-driven business: companies that operate with all important stakeholders in mind, not just
shareholders
Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): a useful way of graphically depicting the four-part
definition of CSR with four layers or levels
Social enterprises: supposes that businesses do have a higher purpose than profits only
Social entrepreneurship: entrepreneurship that began their CSR initiatives at their founding and
strategically carried it forward
Social intrapreneurship: companies that did not have a specific social agenda as part of their initial
formation but later developed from within a highly visible social agenda or program
Socially responsible, sustainable, or ethical investing: sometimes called impact investing
Stages of corporate citizenship: the challenges of credibility, capacity, coherence, and commitment that
firms move through as they come to grips with developing more integrated citizenship agendas
Stakeholder–bottom line: the view that the firm has “multiple bottom lines” that benefit from CSP
Sustainability: business’s ability to survive and thrive over the long term
Sustainable development: a pattern of resource use that aims to meet current human needs while
preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present but also for future
generations
[return to top]
What's New in This Chapter
The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:
Name of Chapter 2 “Corporate Social responsibility, Citizenship and Sustainability” has been
renamed to “Corporate Social responsibility, Performance and Impact”.
Title “Historical Perspective on CSR” (A-Head) has been renamed to “The beginnings of CSR”
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Instructor Manual
Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Table of Contents
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter.......................................................................................................2
Cengage Supplements.................................................................................................................................2
Chapter Objectives......................................................................................................................................2
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments................................................................................3
Key Terms...................................................................................................................................................3
What's New in This Chapter........................................................................................................................5
Chapter Outline...........................................................................................................................................6
Discussion Questions...................................................................................................................................7
Additional Activities and Assignments......................................................................................................12
Appendix...................................................................................................................................................14
Generic Rubrics......................................................................................................................................14
Standard Wri琀椀ng Rubric........................................................................................................................14
Standard Discussion Rubric...................................................................................................................15
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 1
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Purpose and Perspec琀椀ve of the Chapter
The purpose of this chapter is to explore several different aspects of the corporate social responsibility, or
CSR, topic and provide some insights into what CSR means and how businesses are carrying it out. An
entire chapter is devoted to CSR concepts because it is a core idea that underlies most of the material in
the textbook. This chapter also focuses on the concept of corporate citizenship.
Cengage Supplements
The following product-level supplements provide additional information that may help you in preparing
your course. They are available in the Instructor Resource Center.
Instructor’s Manual
Transition Guide
Test Banks
PowerPoint Slides
Case Notes
Chapter Objec琀椀ves
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
02.01 Describe some early views of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Explain how CSR evolved
and encompasses economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic components. Explain the Pyramid
of CSR. How is it a unified whole, dynamic, and sustainable? How does ethics permeate the
pyramid? Will the pyramid vary globally?
02.02 Articulate the traditional arguments both against and for CSR. Explain how the business case
for CSR has strengthened the concept’s acceptance.
02.03 Describe how the concept of corporate social responsiveness differs from CSR.
02.04 Explain how corporate social performance (CSP) became more popular. Describe how it is
different than CSR. What does corporate social impact address?
02.05 Describe how corporate citizenship is a valuable way of thinking about CSR. Explain its broad
and narrow views.
02.06 Summarize the three perspectives on the relationship between corporate social performance
(CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP).
02.07 Define CSR Greenwashing and how it may lead to misleading reputational profiles of
companies.
02.08 Describe and characterize the socially responsible investing movement. Differentiate between
negative and positive screens that are used in investment decisions.
Complete List of Chapter Ac琀椀vi琀椀es and Assessments
For additional guidance, refer to the Teaching Online Guide.
Chapter PPT Slide Activity/Assessment Duration
Objective
2.8 2 Icebreaker: Grassroots Good 10 minutes
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 2
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
2.1 9 Discussion: CSR Meaning 15 minutes
2.1 13 Discussion: The Pyramid of Corporate 15 minutes
Social Responsibility
2.1 15 Discussion: Pyramid of CSR 15 minutes
2.1 17 Discussion: CSR Exemplar Firm 15 minutes
2.2 23 Discussion: Arguments against CSR 15 minutes
2.5 31 Discussion: Responsibility, 20 minutes
Responsiveness, and Citizenship
2.8 43 Discussion: CSR Frameworks 15 minutes
2.9 47 Discussion: Impact Investing 15 minutes
[return to top]
Key Terms
Business Case for CSR: the reasons why businesspeople believe that CSR brings distinct benefits or
advantages to their organizations as well as to the business community
Business for Social Responsibility (BSR): formed to fill an urgent need for a national business alliance
that fosters socially responsible corporate policies.
Conscious capitalism: a broader term for the concept of corporate social responsibility
Corporate citizenship: the concept of corporate social responsibility
Corporate social impact: addresses what impact or effect is being realized or felt by the recipients of the
firm’s performance initiatives
Corporate social performance (CSP): suggests that what really matters is what companies are able to
achieve—the results or outcomes of their acceptance of CSR
Corporate social responsibility (CSR): seriously considering the impact of the company’s actions on
society
Corporate social responsiveness: an action-oriented variant of CSR
Creating shared value (CSV): argues that business and society could be brought back together again if
businesses redefined their basic purpose as creating shared value
CSR exemplar firms: socially responsible firms have become models for other firms
CSR Greenwashing: intentionally seeking to convey the image of a socially responsible firm when the
evidence of their practices does not support this conclusion
Economic responsibilities: the objectives to produce goods and services that society needs and wants
and to sell them at fair prices
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing: a comprehensive investing approach
complete with social and environmental screens, shareholder activism, and community investment
Ethical responsibilities: encompassing those decision and practice arenas in which society expects
certain levels of moral or principled performance but for which it has not yet been articulated or codified
into law
Explicit CSR: voluntary, self-interest-driven policies, programs, and strategies as is typical in U.S.-based
understandings of CSR
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 3
website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Carroll/Brown, Business & Society: Ethics, Sustainability & Stakeholder Management, 11e,
9780357718629; Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Performance, and Impact
Global corporate citizenship: international extensions of serious considerations of the impact of the
company’s actions on society
Impact investing: considers environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) criteria aimed at
generating long-term competitive financial returns and positive societal impact
Implicit CSR: embraces the entirety of a country’s formal and informal institutions that assign
corporations an agreed-on share of responsibility for society’s concerns
Legal responsibilities: reflect society’s view of “codified ethics” in the sense that they articulate basic
notions of fair practices that are established by lawmakers
Mainstream adopters (of CSR): A third group of CSR exemplar firms that includes all other
conventional businesses that have adopted, practiced, and achieved some degree of distinction or
recognition for socially responsible policies and practices
Philanthropic responsibilities: these are perceived and understood as responsibilities because they
reflect current expectations of business by the public
Philanthropy: organized charitable giving
Purpose-driven business: companies that operate with all important stakeholders in mind, not just
shareholders
Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): a useful way of graphically depicting the four-part
definition of CSR with four layers or levels
Social enterprises: supposes that businesses do have a higher purpose than profits only
Social entrepreneurship: entrepreneurship that began their CSR initiatives at their founding and
strategically carried it forward
Social intrapreneurship: companies that did not have a specific social agenda as part of their initial
formation but later developed from within a highly visible social agenda or program
Socially responsible, sustainable, or ethical investing: sometimes called impact investing
Stages of corporate citizenship: the challenges of credibility, capacity, coherence, and commitment that
firms move through as they come to grips with developing more integrated citizenship agendas
Stakeholder–bottom line: the view that the firm has “multiple bottom lines” that benefit from CSP
Sustainability: business’s ability to survive and thrive over the long term
Sustainable development: a pattern of resource use that aims to meet current human needs while
preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present but also for future
generations
[return to top]
What's New in This Chapter
The following elements are improvements in this chapter from the previous edition:
Name of Chapter 2 “Corporate Social responsibility, Citizenship and Sustainability” has been
renamed to “Corporate Social responsibility, Performance and Impact”.
Title “Historical Perspective on CSR” (A-Head) has been renamed to “The beginnings of CSR”
© 2022 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible 4
website, in whole or in part.
