VATI Care of children 2019
QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADE A+
SOLUTIONS
A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child
who has acute glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the
following foods should the nurse recommend be eliminated from the
child's diet?'
Hot dogs
➡ Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit
foods high in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed
meats)
glomerulonephritis - Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease where these coils
become inflamed. This makes it hard for the kidneys to filter the blood
Diet changes to child’s diet include protein and how much child may need, potassium
may be limited, phosphorus limits (phosphorus makes bones weak), a low-sodium
diet
glomerulonephritis - Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis can develop from a
systemic infection and involves the glomeruli of the kidney or the area responsible for
filtering particles from the blood to make urine.
Pitting edema - occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling;
when pressure is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child
who has a concussion. Which of the following manifestations should
the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP?
Nausea
➡ Early findings of ICP (N + V normally projectile)
Brainpower
Read More
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has
moderate partial thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
,Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes.
➡ To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which
can also cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds.
A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent
guidelines with newly licensed nurse. For which of the following
clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a guardian?
A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture.
➡ Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor.
• Informed consent is a legal process by which a client or the client's legally appointed
designee has given written permission for a procedure or treatment. Consent is
informed when a provider explains and the client understands:
➡ The reason the client needs the treatment or procedure.
➡ How the treatment or procedure will benefit the client.
➡ The risks involved if the client chooses to receive the treatment or procedure.
➡ Other options to treat the problem, including not treating the problem.
• The nurse's role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature
on the informed consent form and to ensure that the provider has obtained the
informed consent responsibly.
A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents
asks the nurse, "When will we know that our child is nearing the end
of their life?" Which of the following statements should the nurse
make?
Your child will lose movement in their legs.
➡ Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will
move up the body as death nears.
• Leukemias are cancers of white blood cells or of cells that develop into white blood
cells. In leukemia, the white blood cells are not functional. They invade and destroy
bone marrow, and they can metastasize to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, testes, and
brain.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child
who is in the edema phase of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Provide quite activities for the child.
, ➡ Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of
nephritis to minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy.
• Kidney Failure (nephrotic syndrome); kidney cannot remove waist and balance
fluids
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical
procedure. Which of the following pain tools should the nurse use?
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale.
-The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school
age child who has epilepsy and a new prescription for phenytoin
extended release capsules. Which of the following instructions should
the nurse include in the teaching?
Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal.
➡ Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral
hygiene reduces the risk of this occurring.
• Epilepsy - brain disorder causing seizures
• phenytoin (Dilantin) - control seizures (convulsions)
• Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. There are a
number of causes for this condition, but it's often a symptom of poor oral hygiene or a
side effect of using certain medications
A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and
diarrhea. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse
identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia?
Tachypnea
-A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic.
➡ hypovolemia (isotonic fluid deficit) - is lack of both water and electrolytes, causing
a decrease in circulating blood volume.
VITAL SIGNS: Hypothermia, tachycardia (in an attempt to maintain a normal blood
pressure), thready pulse, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, decreased central
venous pressure, tachypnea (increased respirations to compensate for lack of fluid
volume within the body), hypoxia
QUESTION AND ANSWERS GRADE A+
SOLUTIONS
A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child
who has acute glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the
following foods should the nurse recommend be eliminated from the
child's diet?'
Hot dogs
➡ Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit
foods high in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed
meats)
glomerulonephritis - Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease where these coils
become inflamed. This makes it hard for the kidneys to filter the blood
Diet changes to child’s diet include protein and how much child may need, potassium
may be limited, phosphorus limits (phosphorus makes bones weak), a low-sodium
diet
glomerulonephritis - Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis can develop from a
systemic infection and involves the glomeruli of the kidney or the area responsible for
filtering particles from the blood to make urine.
Pitting edema - occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling;
when pressure is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child
who has a concussion. Which of the following manifestations should
the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP?
Nausea
➡ Early findings of ICP (N + V normally projectile)
Brainpower
Read More
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has
moderate partial thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of
the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
,Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes.
➡ To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which
can also cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds.
A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent
guidelines with newly licensed nurse. For which of the following
clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a guardian?
A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture.
➡ Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor.
• Informed consent is a legal process by which a client or the client's legally appointed
designee has given written permission for a procedure or treatment. Consent is
informed when a provider explains and the client understands:
➡ The reason the client needs the treatment or procedure.
➡ How the treatment or procedure will benefit the client.
➡ The risks involved if the client chooses to receive the treatment or procedure.
➡ Other options to treat the problem, including not treating the problem.
• The nurse's role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature
on the informed consent form and to ensure that the provider has obtained the
informed consent responsibly.
A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents
asks the nurse, "When will we know that our child is nearing the end
of their life?" Which of the following statements should the nurse
make?
Your child will lose movement in their legs.
➡ Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will
move up the body as death nears.
• Leukemias are cancers of white blood cells or of cells that develop into white blood
cells. In leukemia, the white blood cells are not functional. They invade and destroy
bone marrow, and they can metastasize to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, testes, and
brain.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child
who is in the edema phase of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Provide quite activities for the child.
, ➡ Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of
nephritis to minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy.
• Kidney Failure (nephrotic syndrome); kidney cannot remove waist and balance
fluids
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical
procedure. Which of the following pain tools should the nurse use?
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale.
-The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school
age child who has epilepsy and a new prescription for phenytoin
extended release capsules. Which of the following instructions should
the nurse include in the teaching?
Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal.
➡ Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral
hygiene reduces the risk of this occurring.
• Epilepsy - brain disorder causing seizures
• phenytoin (Dilantin) - control seizures (convulsions)
• Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. There are a
number of causes for this condition, but it's often a symptom of poor oral hygiene or a
side effect of using certain medications
A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and
diarrhea. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse
identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia?
Tachypnea
-A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic.
➡ hypovolemia (isotonic fluid deficit) - is lack of both water and electrolytes, causing
a decrease in circulating blood volume.
VITAL SIGNS: Hypothermia, tachycardia (in an attempt to maintain a normal blood
pressure), thready pulse, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, decreased central
venous pressure, tachypnea (increased respirations to compensate for lack of fluid
volume within the body), hypoxia
