NSC Exam 1 (Updated and Accurate Questions and Answers) 100% Pass

NSC Exam 1 (Updated and Accurate Questions and Answers) 100% Pass Leading Cause of Death in United States - ANS-1. Heart Disease 2. Cancer Lifestyle - ANS-a person's way of living that includes diet, physical activity habits, use of drugs such as tobacco and alcohol, and other typical patterns of health-related behavior 6 classes of nutrients - ANS-- carbohydrates - fats and other lipids, - proteins - vitamins - minerals - water Carbohydrates - ANS-Source of energy (most forms) Lipids - ANS-Source of energy (fats), cellular development, physical growth and development, regulation of body processes, absorption of fat-soluble vitamins Proteins - ANS-Production of structural and functional components; cellular development, growth, and maintenance; regulation of body processes; immune function; fluid balance; source of energy Vitamins - ANS-Regulation of body processes, maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, protection against agents that can damage cellular components Minerals - ANS-Regulation of body processes, including fluid balance; formation of certain chemical messengers; structural and functional components of various substances and tissues; necessary for physical growth, maintenance, and development Water - ANS-Maintenance of fluid balance, regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, transportation of substances, participant in many chemical reactions How many kilocalories are in a gram of carbohydrates? - ANS-4 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of protein? - ANS-4 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of fat? - ANS-9 kcal How many kilocalories are in a gram of alcohol? - ANS-7 kcal Macronutrients - ANS-Name for carbohydrates, fats and proteins as the body needs a relativity large amount of these nutrients daily. Supply energy for cells Micronutrients - ANS-Name for vitamins and minerals as they body needs a very small amount of these to function properly. Do not Supply energy for cells Essential nutrients - ANS-Nutrients that must be supplied through food. About 50 of them Examples of some Essential Nutrients - ANS-Water Vitamin A Vitamin C B vitamins Vitamin D Glucose Minerals like calcium, sodium, chloride and Zinc Fats that contain linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids Some proteins (amino acids) Chpt 1 mod 1.3 pg 10 Nonnutrients - ANS-Substances that are not nutrients but may have some healthful benefits Examples of nonnutrients - ANS-Alcohol, phytochemicals phytochemicals - ANS-Compounds made in plants that are nonnutrients examples of phytochemicals - ANS-- Alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene - Quercetin - Anthocyanins - Resveratrol - Isoflavonoids - Sulfur compounds - Caffeine - Saponins - Capsaicin Dietary Supplement - ANS-a product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake Why are antioxidants important? - ANS-An antioxidant protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by chemically unstable factors Empty calories - ANS-Calories from unhealthy types of fatm added sugar and/or alcohol. Not a good source of vitamins and minerals. Foods like candies, pastries, snack chips, sugar-sweetened drinks, and some alcoholic beverages Nutrient-dense - ANS-Describes foods or beverages that contain more beneficial nutrients in relation to total calories. Foods like broccoli, leafy greens, fat-free milk, orange juice , lean meats, and whole-grain cereals