Women’s Civil Rights 1865-1992 – Turning Points
POLITICAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
INDUSTRIALISATION - decrease in average - Number of women in work
birth-rate 1850-1900 5.42 trebled by 1900 (made up
(most influential in to 3.56 17% of total workforce)
ECONOMIC) - 50% of high school - NCL formed 1899
graduates were female by (campaigned for women’s
1900 rights in workplace)
PROHIBITION - 18th Amendment 1917 - Campaign groups (ie.
MOVEMENT - prohibition laws enacted Women’s Crusade 1873
in 9 states by 1913, 26 and WCTU 1874)
(most influential in states by 1917 encouraged protests and
POLITICAL) promoted women’s
suffrage
1920s - 19th Amendment 1920 - Shepherd Towner Act - Women’s Bureau
(20 states had given 1921 (terminated 1929) established in department of
(most influential in women the right to vote - ABCL founded by Sanger labour 1920
ECONOMIC) by 1918) - ERA first introduced by - Women’s Trade Union
- Bertha Knight Landes Paul 1923 League formed 1921
became first female - Great Depression - introduction of mass-
mayor of a city 1926 caused 26 states to ban produced labour-saving
women from working devices meant women could
- Medical schools only spend more time working
allocated 5% of their - the number of women at
places to women work rose by 2 million in the
- In 1920, 47.3% of 1920s (only 24% of
college students were population)
women
NEW DEAL - Nellie Tayloe Ross and - End of Comstock Laws - Wagner Act 1953 (trebling
Francis Perkins enter 1938 of female union membership
(most influential in government 1933 (only 9 - Social Security Act 1935 265,0000 to 800,000)
SOCIAL) women had entered - Aid to Dependent - Fair Labour Standard Act
politics by 1939) Children Act 1935 1938
- Eleanor Roosevelt - Only 8,000 women found
advocated equal rights places in CCC camps
- 82% of people opposed - 12% of married women
women working in 1936 working in 1930
- female teachers earnt 20%
less than male teachers 1939
WORLD WAR TWO - Servicemen’s - Women working in industry
Readjustment Act 1944 and manufacturing (5 million
(most influential in - women were persuaded more women working and
ECONOMIC) to give up work and 350,000 in armed forces,
return to family life made up 36% of workforce
- 75% wanted to remain by 1945)
in employment after 1945
POLITICAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC
INDUSTRIALISATION - decrease in average - Number of women in work
birth-rate 1850-1900 5.42 trebled by 1900 (made up
(most influential in to 3.56 17% of total workforce)
ECONOMIC) - 50% of high school - NCL formed 1899
graduates were female by (campaigned for women’s
1900 rights in workplace)
PROHIBITION - 18th Amendment 1917 - Campaign groups (ie.
MOVEMENT - prohibition laws enacted Women’s Crusade 1873
in 9 states by 1913, 26 and WCTU 1874)
(most influential in states by 1917 encouraged protests and
POLITICAL) promoted women’s
suffrage
1920s - 19th Amendment 1920 - Shepherd Towner Act - Women’s Bureau
(20 states had given 1921 (terminated 1929) established in department of
(most influential in women the right to vote - ABCL founded by Sanger labour 1920
ECONOMIC) by 1918) - ERA first introduced by - Women’s Trade Union
- Bertha Knight Landes Paul 1923 League formed 1921
became first female - Great Depression - introduction of mass-
mayor of a city 1926 caused 26 states to ban produced labour-saving
women from working devices meant women could
- Medical schools only spend more time working
allocated 5% of their - the number of women at
places to women work rose by 2 million in the
- In 1920, 47.3% of 1920s (only 24% of
college students were population)
women
NEW DEAL - Nellie Tayloe Ross and - End of Comstock Laws - Wagner Act 1953 (trebling
Francis Perkins enter 1938 of female union membership
(most influential in government 1933 (only 9 - Social Security Act 1935 265,0000 to 800,000)
SOCIAL) women had entered - Aid to Dependent - Fair Labour Standard Act
politics by 1939) Children Act 1935 1938
- Eleanor Roosevelt - Only 8,000 women found
advocated equal rights places in CCC camps
- 82% of people opposed - 12% of married women
women working in 1936 working in 1930
- female teachers earnt 20%
less than male teachers 1939
WORLD WAR TWO - Servicemen’s - Women working in industry
Readjustment Act 1944 and manufacturing (5 million
(most influential in - women were persuaded more women working and
ECONOMIC) to give up work and 350,000 in armed forces,
return to family life made up 36% of workforce
- 75% wanted to remain by 1945)
in employment after 1945
