PORTAGE LEARNING A&P 1 - MODULE 2 WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
Gross Anatomy
Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
Gross Anatomy of the Lungs
The right lung has three lobes while the left lung has two lobes. The both lungs have oblique fissures.
The right lung also has a horizontal fissure separating the superior and middle lobes
hilum
the root where the pulmonary blood vessels and veins enter the lung. This is also where the trachea
turns into the bronchi.
pleura
membranes that cover the surface of the lung and the cavity surrounding the lungs
parietal pleura
covers the surfaces surrounding the lungs: the rib cage, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
visceral pleura
directly covers the lungs
pleural space/cavity
The space that is formed between the pleurae. Normally, this space is empty except for a scant
amount of fluid. However, in the diseased state, this cavity can fill with air or fluids.
anatomical organization of the respiratory system
allows the respiratory system to perform three main functions: 1) air conduction, 2) air filtration, and
3) exchange of gases - aka respiration
Conducting portion of respiratory system
responsible for moving air in and out of lungs. air is filtered so that it is free of debris, warmed, and
humidified. By the time the air reaches the lungs, it is at body temperature and saturated with water.
nostril
have hair and cilia that filter the air , have goblet cells that trap
nasal cavities
aka fossae, composed of bone and cartilage, are made up of several parts. The left and right fossae
are separated by the nasal septum.
vestibule
is the most external portion of the nasal cavity just inside the nostrils.It is covered with stratified
squamous epithelium. Inside are short thick hairs to catch debris. Down the middle is a nasal septum.
, nasal conchae
found in nasal cavity. responsible for warming air as it moves past. Important so the body can do less
work during respiration. We want air to be warm and moist before it enters the lungs
Pharynx
Throat; the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
Has 3 parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
connection area between the nasal cavity and pharynx, generally above the soft palate- has this name
bc connects to nasal cavity
oropharynx
caudal to the mouth and anterior to the epiglottis. Has this name bc located behind oral cavity.
laryngopharynx
area where the pharynx, larynx and esophagus meet. Stratified squamous epithelium protects these
tissues from frictional damage.
Esophagus
lies posterior to the larynx and trachea. It is a muscular tube connecting the pharynx with the
stomach. It is lined with mucosa. It is the tube that is used for food and nutrients.
Trachea (windpipe)
passageway for air from larynx to the bronchi. It is composed of about 20 C-shaped, cartilaginous
rings that do not completely meet on the posterior side of this tube- they help hold open airway.
hard palate and soft palate
separate oral cavity from nasal cavity
hard palate
roof of the mouth
soft palate
closes nasal cavity when we are eating to make sure food and liquid do not enter the nasal cavity.
aspiration
when food or liquid accidentally enters the trachea. This may happen because bothfood and air cross
in this region.
Larynx
Attached to the trachea. Can physically feel going up and down when you swallow. This tube is
permanently held open to receive air. It is made up of single cartilages and paired cartilages. It is the
area that includes the Thyroid, Epiglottis, glottis, cricoid cartilage and vocal cords.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
Gross Anatomy
Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
Gross Anatomy of the Lungs
The right lung has three lobes while the left lung has two lobes. The both lungs have oblique fissures.
The right lung also has a horizontal fissure separating the superior and middle lobes
hilum
the root where the pulmonary blood vessels and veins enter the lung. This is also where the trachea
turns into the bronchi.
pleura
membranes that cover the surface of the lung and the cavity surrounding the lungs
parietal pleura
covers the surfaces surrounding the lungs: the rib cage, diaphragm, and mediastinum.
visceral pleura
directly covers the lungs
pleural space/cavity
The space that is formed between the pleurae. Normally, this space is empty except for a scant
amount of fluid. However, in the diseased state, this cavity can fill with air or fluids.
anatomical organization of the respiratory system
allows the respiratory system to perform three main functions: 1) air conduction, 2) air filtration, and
3) exchange of gases - aka respiration
Conducting portion of respiratory system
responsible for moving air in and out of lungs. air is filtered so that it is free of debris, warmed, and
humidified. By the time the air reaches the lungs, it is at body temperature and saturated with water.
nostril
have hair and cilia that filter the air , have goblet cells that trap
nasal cavities
aka fossae, composed of bone and cartilage, are made up of several parts. The left and right fossae
are separated by the nasal septum.
vestibule
is the most external portion of the nasal cavity just inside the nostrils.It is covered with stratified
squamous epithelium. Inside are short thick hairs to catch debris. Down the middle is a nasal septum.
, nasal conchae
found in nasal cavity. responsible for warming air as it moves past. Important so the body can do less
work during respiration. We want air to be warm and moist before it enters the lungs
Pharynx
Throat; the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
Has 3 parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
connection area between the nasal cavity and pharynx, generally above the soft palate- has this name
bc connects to nasal cavity
oropharynx
caudal to the mouth and anterior to the epiglottis. Has this name bc located behind oral cavity.
laryngopharynx
area where the pharynx, larynx and esophagus meet. Stratified squamous epithelium protects these
tissues from frictional damage.
Esophagus
lies posterior to the larynx and trachea. It is a muscular tube connecting the pharynx with the
stomach. It is lined with mucosa. It is the tube that is used for food and nutrients.
Trachea (windpipe)
passageway for air from larynx to the bronchi. It is composed of about 20 C-shaped, cartilaginous
rings that do not completely meet on the posterior side of this tube- they help hold open airway.
hard palate and soft palate
separate oral cavity from nasal cavity
hard palate
roof of the mouth
soft palate
closes nasal cavity when we are eating to make sure food and liquid do not enter the nasal cavity.
aspiration
when food or liquid accidentally enters the trachea. This may happen because bothfood and air cross
in this region.
Larynx
Attached to the trachea. Can physically feel going up and down when you swallow. This tube is
permanently held open to receive air. It is made up of single cartilages and paired cartilages. It is the
area that includes the Thyroid, Epiglottis, glottis, cricoid cartilage and vocal cords.
