PSY100 Test 1 | University of Toronto, Prof. Ashley Waggoner-Denton 100% Correct Answers

understand the mind as a whole. Focused on describing what happens in the minds of individuals. Structuralism - Answer- An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind. Functionalism - Answer- A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish. Its biggest proponent was William James, who was heavily influenced by Darwin. Gestalt theory - Answer- Rejected structuralism, arguing that we should look at the mind as a whole because the whole of personal experience is different from simply the sum of its constituent elements. Gestalt experiments show that the brain is not a passive receiver of information, it actively filters incoming information to make sense of it. William James - Answer- Founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment. Helped develop a theory of emotion. Behaviourism - Answer- Believed that the mind is a black box we cannot understand, and thus psychologists should only be interested in observable behavior. Its two biggest proponents were John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Cognitive Revolution - Answer- (1950s-60s) Psychogists began to reject behaviourism and focus on cognitive psychology and social psychology. Behaviour began to be explained by the mind. Decade of the Brain - Answer- (90s-) New emphasis on the brain itself, and understanding the brain's impact on behaviour. (Ex. fMRI machines) Biopsychosocial model - Answer- Idea that behaviour is a product o