Biology 101-Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated)

xam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated) Biophilia - answerThe instinctive bond between humans and other living systems Science - answera body of knowledge about the natural world and an evidence-based system for obtaining such knowledge Scientific Method - answerThe core logic of how science works. Commonly visualized as a series of logical steps through which scientific inquiry is conducted, scientific phenomena are demonstrated, and scientific knowledge come to be established Scientific Hypothesis - answerInformed, logical and plausible explanation Experiments - answerRepeatable manipulations of one or more aspect of the natural world Variable - answercharacteristic that is capable of changing Independent Variable - answermanipulated by investigator Dependable variable - answerresponds or can potentially respond, to change in independent variable Controlled Experiment - answerTreatment/experimental group is exposed to systematic change in independent variable, control group is not Scientific Theory - answerComponent of scientific knowledge that has been repeatedly confirmed in diverse ways and is provisionally accepted as the best available description of the truth Scientific Fact - answerdirect and repeatable observation of any aspect of the natural world Properties of Living Organisms - answer-Cellular Organization -Reproduction based on DNA -Metabolism -Sensing and responding to the external world -Homeostasis- constant internal environment -Evolution Cell - answerThe smallest unit of life Plasma Membrane - answerfatty outermost layer of the cell Cytoplasm - answercell contents inside of the plasma membrane;consists of a concentrated fluid with discrete structures(organelles) inside it DNA - answermolecule that serves as genetic material (transfers information from one generation to the next) Nucleus - answermembrane-bound structure that contains DNA in many but not all organisms Chromosome - answerone DNA molecule Asexual Reproduction - answera single parent produces offspring identical to itself Sexual Reproduction - answerDNA-based information from two different individuals is combined to create the offspring Metabolism - answerthe ability to capture energy from their environment, store it within the cells, and use it to grow, develop and reproduce Producers - answermake their own food by harnessing energy from their non-living environment, the ways plants use sunshine to make sugars via photosynthesis Autotrophs Consumers - answerobtain energy by eating other organisms Heterotrophs Homeostasis - answerThe process of maintaining appropriate and constant conditions inside cells Evolution - answerchange in the overall inherited characteristics of a population from one generation to the next Adaptation - answerbetter survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous genetic characteristics (those that match them to their environment) Hierarchical Levels - answerBiosphere-Ecosystem-Community-Population-Multicelled Organisms-Organ Systems-Organs-Tissues-Cell-Molecules-Atoms Molecules - answerTwo or more atoms held together by strong chemical bonds Cells - answerSmallest unit of life, consists of plasma membrane enclosing cytoplasm and DNA