NCC EFM Cert. Exam Questions with well explained answers

Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? - Umb. vein to IVC Foramen ovale connects _______to______? - R. atrium to L. atrium Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? - Pulm. artery to aorta Normal rate - 110 to 160 BPM Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation - 160 BPM Average rate in fetus with heart block - 60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or nodal rate) Sympathetic effects - Incr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood vessels, vital organs dilate and receive more blood Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed - ~ 32wks Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation - Presence or absence of variability Location of chemoreceptors - aortic arch Chemoreceptors respond to? - Changes in O2 and CO2 Location of baroreceptors - Aortic arch and carotid bodies Maximal reactivity occurs when? - Late at nightMax duration of fetal nonreactivity? - 80min Sensitivity - Probablity of detecting a true positive Specificity - Probability that true negative will be detected False positive - erroneosly positive when reality is negative False negative - erroneously negative when reality is positive NST - Two 15x15 accels in 20min (up to 40min) % of false positive CSTs? - ~ 30% BPP components - 1) Fetal breathing movements 2) Gross body movements 3) Fetal tone 4) Reactive fetal heart rate 5) Qualitiative amniotic fluid volume BPP Score of 10 - Normal BPP Score of 8 - Nl infant, low risk of chronic asphyxia BPP Score of 6 - Borderline result - rpt in 24hrs BPP Score of 4 - Suspect chronic asphyxiaBPP Score of 0-2 - Strongly suspect chronic asphyxia Early manifestation of fetal acidosis? - Non-reacive NST and loss of FBM Change in FBM with maternal glucose changes? - FBM incr. with rising mGlu FBM decr. with mHYPOglycemia Maternal smoking effects FBM how? - FBM decr. with msmoking Corticosteroids effects FBM? - corticosteroids may decr. FBM Maternal PAO2 at sea level? - ~105mmHg Change in cardiac output and SVR in pre-E? - CO and SVR INCREASED in pre-E Prolonged decels occured in ___% of uterine rupture? - 71% Signif. neonatal morbidity occured when ____min or longer elapsed between onset of HFR decel and delivery. - 18min Normal arterial pH for healthy vaginal deliveries? - 7.28+/- 0.05 Normal arterial pO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries? - 18.0 +/- 6.2 Normal arterial pCO2 for healthy vaginal deliveries? - 49.2 +/- 8.4 Normal base deficit for healthy vaginal deliveries? - Less than 12pH at which acidosis - 7.2 (7.1) Tachysystole - >5 contractions in 10min Baseline (defn) - mean FHR rounded to increments of 5 BPM during a 10min perioud excl. periodic or episodic changes, contractions, periods of marked variability, and segments of baseline that differ by >25 BPM Sinusoidal pattern? - Fetal anemia As many as ___% of infants with complete heart block have assoc. congenital cardiac malformations. - 50% Mortality rate for newborns with complete heart block - 25% Newborn with complete heart block in absence of congen. heart disease frequently has neonatal ___________. - Lupus erthematosus