Science Olympiad Study Guide Verified And Updated

Science Olympiad Study Guide Verified And Updated Ionic Bond - answerA bond between a nonmetal and a metal. One loses or gains an electron. Sea Breeze - answerA wind blowing from cool ocean to warm land next to it. Endoplasmic Reticulum - answerA network of tubes that are responsible for carrying materials throughout the cell. There are often ribosomes scattered about it. Banolith - answerAn intrusive igneous rock at the surface of the earth that formed below the surface. Monera - answerA kingdom of prokaryotic organisms that typically reproduce asexually. Class One Lever - answerA type of lever where the effort is applied on one side of the fulcrum and the resistance on the other. Hypertension - answerElevation of blood pressure, high blood pressure. Heart murmur - answerA short-duration humming sound of cardiac or vascular origin. Extrusive rocks - answerIgneous rocks formed from lava that solidifies quickly at Earth's surface. Retrograde rotation - answerThe spinning motion of a planet from east to west, opposite the direction of rotation of most planets and moons Storm surge - answerA rise in sea level above the normal tide caused by very low atmospheric pressure and the stress of strong winds on the sea surface when a tropical cyclone approaches or crosses a coastline. Kingdom - answerFirst and largest category used to classify organisms Covalent bond - answerA bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Torsional wave - answerA disturbance that twists around the direction of propagation Flagellum - answerA long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move. Half-Life - answerThe time it takes for half of the atoms in a radioactive element to break down OR a game developed by valve and has many crazy things in it. DNA Fingerprint - answerDetermining an individual's unique collection of DNA restriction fragments, detected by electrophoresis and nucleic acid probes. Metaphase - answerChromosomes align themselves along the center of the cells. Concave Lens - answerA lens that is thinner in the middle than at the edges. Eukaryotic Cell - answerCell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other internal organelles. Greenhouse Effect - answerNatural situation in which heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases. Transpiration - answerEvaporation of water from the leaves of a plant Femur - answerA heavy, long bone that forms the leg above the knee Allele - answerAn alternative form of a gene. Hypertonic - answerA solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than another. Deoxyribonucleic Acid - answerDNA - a chemical that contains information that an organism needs for growth and function. Rock Cycle - answerA series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another Torque - answerA force that causes rotation Oxidation - answerLoss of electrons Neutron Star - answerA star that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons. Inorganic Compound - answerA compound that does not contain the element carbon or contains carbon bound to elements other than hydrogen. Protein Synthesis - answerHow proteins are made Angular Momentum - answerProduct of rotational inertia and rotational velocity Gene Recombination - answerA natural process in which a nucleic acid molecule (usually DNA but can be RNA) is broken and then joined to a different molecule; a result of crossing‐ over. Polarization - answerDistribution of ions on either side of cell membrane; in a resting neuron or muscle cell, sodium ions and positive charge outside and potassium ions and negative charge inside