COMMRC 0310 Exam Questions And Answers

COMMRC 0310 Exam Questions And Answers How do Keith and Lundberg define rhetoric? - Answer -the study of producing discourses and interpreting how, when, and why discourses are persuasive Who were the Sophists and why were they important? - Answer -The Sophists were a group of wandering Sicilians that taught Athenians how to speak persuasively with the goal of navigating the courts and senate. They were important because Athenian citizens relied heavily on public speech to deal with the new political process. What was Plato's criticism of rhetoric? - Answer -Rhetoric was dangerous because it didi not have the rigor of a scientific enterprise or the critical quality of a philosophical endeavor; rather, it was a group of random techniques that helped those in the wrong win their support for their cause. What are Aristotle's three types of speeches? What do they do? - Answer -Forensic - a speech that is given in a public forum such as in front of an Athenian jury; purpose is for justice Epideictic - a speech that displays the qualities of something; purpose is for honor Deliberative - a speech that argues for a course of action; purpose is for utility What three basic points did Aristotle argue about rhetoric? - Answer -Rhetoric can be treated as a coherent area of inquiry Rhetoric and logic are necessary counterparts The form and function of speeches are shaped by the possible speech goals How do Keith and Lundberg define identity? - Answer -The set of labels, patterns of behavior, and ways of representing yourself that make up your public persona. What two senses of the term 'rhetoric' do these authors recognize? - Answer -actions humans perform and perspective humans take What two things do we do when we engage in rhetorical action? - Answer -conscious decisions to communicate and conscious choices about the strategies we will employ Considering rhetoric as a perspective that humans take, what are the two key terms? - Answer -Process and Symbolism When do we focus on the process of symbolism rather than the content? - Answer -when we analyze how the symbols work together What two ways can we focus on the process of symbolism? - Answer -by analyzing how people perform rhetorical action by analyzing how people interpret symbols What was Aristotle's definition of rhetoric? - Answer -the ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion What was Kenneth Burke's definition of rhetoric? - Answer -the use of language as a symbolic means of inducing cooperation in beings that by nature respond to symbols What are the four characteristics of rhetoric? - Answer -rhetoric is symbolic rhetoric involves an audience rhetoric establishes what is probably true rhetorical theory is inventive and analytic If we view communication from a rhetorical perspective, which is more important, the intent of the rhetor or the influence of the practice of modern rhetoric? - Answer -the influence of the practice of the modern rhetoric Define metaphor, analogy, form, and crescendo - Answer -metaphor - a usually indirect comparison used to describe something with a word or phrase that is not meant literally, but that, by means of a vivid comparison, expresses something about it (Joe is a deer) and in which qualities of one are transferred by implication to the other analogy - a (usually) direct comparison between two things that are similar in some way, often used to help explain something or make it easier to understand (Joe runs like a deer) - because one thing is like another, the truth of one shows the truth of the other. "The universe is like a pocket watch and a pocket watch has a designer, so the universe must also have a designer." form - the raising and fulfilling of expectations in an audience, or simply the structure of a rhetorical act crescendo - a gradual increase in intensity