Chapter 1 Bontrager Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

Radiograph - an image of a patients anatomic part(s) as produced by the action of x-rays on an image receptor Traditional film-screen Technology - the image is stored and displayed on film Digital Technology - radiograph produced and stored on computers Radiography - The process and procedures of producing a radiograph X-ray film - specifically refers to the physical piece of material on which a latent (nonprocessed) radiographic image is stored Image Receptor (IR) - the device that captures the radiographic image that exits the patient; refers both film/screen cassettes and to digital acquisition devices Central Ray (CR) - the central ray refers to the center-most portion of the x-ray tube; that portion of the x-ray beam that has the least divergence Radiographic Examination or Procedure - 1. Positioning of body part and alignment with the IR and CR. 2. Selection of radiation protection measures. 3. Selection of exposure factors (radiographic technique) on the control panel 4. Patient instructions related to respiration and initiation or making of the exposure 5. Processing of the IR Anatomic position - Upright position with palms facing forward and head and feet straight ahead Sagittal plane - divides the body into right and left partsMidsagittal plane - divides the body down the middle into equal left and right parts Coronal plane - divides the body into front and back Midcoronal plane - divides the body equal front to back Horizontal plane - transverse; divides the body into inferior and superior planes Oblique plane - a transverse plane that is at an angle and is not parallel Longitudinal Sections - sagittal, coronal, and oblique Base Plane - precise transverse plane of the skull Occlusal Plane - horizontal plane formed by biting; used for cervical spine and skull radiography Plantar - sole or posterior surface of foot Dorsal - anterior of foot; posterior of hand Palmer - palm of hand Projection - (position) term that describes the direction or path of the CR of the x-ray beam as it passes through the patient, projecting an image onto the IR Posteroanterior - (PA) projection of the CR from posterior surface and exits to the anterior sufaceAnteroposterior - (AP) projection of CR from anterior surface to posterior surface AP Oblique Projection - a projection of an upper or lower limb that is rotated ex. eversion PA Oblique Projection - projection of the upper limb with lateral rotation ex. inversion Mediolateral - a lateral projection of the ankle described by the path of the CR Lateromedial - a lateral projection of the wrist described by the path of the CR Supine - Lying on the back Prone - lying on the abdomen Erect - an upright position; sitting or standing upright Recumbent - lying down in any position Dorsal Recumbent - lying on back (supine) Ventral Recumbent - lying face down; prone Lateral Recumbent - Lying on side right or left Trendelenburg - a recumbent position with the body tilted with the head lower than the feetFowler's Position - a recumbent position with the body tilted with the head higher than the feet Sims' Position - lying on the left anterior side with the right knee and the thigh flexed and the left arm extended down behind the back; used for insertion of a rectal tube