ATI MedSurg Comprehensive Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass

ATI MedSurg Comprehensive Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Answer- - assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia - admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV - kussmaul resp Beta blockers (Propanolol) - Answer- - monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis, acute pancreatitis - notify provider: night cough Factors that affect wound healing - Answer- - dehydration (UO) - infection - BMI <18.5 or >25 - malnutrition (low protein, vita C) - age - decreased hgb, tissue perfusion - wound stress HIV/AIDS - Answer- - positive response to treatment monitored by viral load - risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in dishwasher weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily - dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load Fluid replacement - Answer- - monitor BUN Cerebrovascular accident - Answer- - right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect - left sided: language, math, analytical skills Preventing UTIs - Answer- - wipe from front to back - void after intercourse - avoid baths - drink 2-3 L of fluid daily - cotton underwear - urinate Q2-4h Radiation therapy - Answer- - do not remove ink markings - wash area gently with warm water and mild soap - avoid sun esposure for 1 year - dispose body fluids in lead container - limit visits to 30 min a day - staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure - keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed Kidney transplants - Answer- - hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may not function immediately - requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy - complications: cardiovascular disease Hemodialysis - Answer- - expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp - complications: hypocalcemia, bleeding, infection, hypovolemia, anemia - disequilibrium syndrome: nausea, restlessness, dysrhythmias, seizures, headache - notify: headache, nausea, dizziness during dialysis - do not eat during dialysis Inotropic medications - Answer- - dopamine, digoxin, dobutamine, milirinone - increase contractility and improve CO - monitor HR (apical), hold if <60 min Diabetes inspidus - Answer- - deficiency in ADH - inability to concentrate urine, 1.001-1.005 - assessment: hypotension, weak peripheral pulses, polydipsia, polyuria (4-30L/day), nocturia, dehydration - DILUTE urine chemistry, CONCENTRATED serum chemestry - treatments: desmopressin, vasopressin (synthet