Anatomy and Physiology unit 1.docx

anatomy - correct answer means "cutting open", the study of internal and external structure and the physical relationships between body parts physiology - correct answer the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions gross anatomy - correct answer considers features visible with the unaided eye systemic anatomy - correct answer the study of major ogran systems microscopic anatomy - correct answer concerns structures that cannot be seen without magnification cytology - correct answer concerns the internal structures of individual cells histology - correct answer the study of tissues organ - correct answer a combined group of similar tissues pathology - correct answer the study of the effects of diseases on organ or system functions homeostasis - correct answer the existence of a stable internal environment receptor - correct answer senses the stimulus control center - correct answer processes receptor signal (usually in CNS) effector - correct answer produces a change in the body to resolve/compensate the stimulus negative feedback - correct answer counteracts stimulus (ex: sweat) positive feedforward - correct answer encourages stimulus (contractions) anatomical orientation - correct answer face forward, thumbs out, palms forward stimulus - correct answer a change in the environment supine - correct answer lying face upward prone - correct answer lying face downward anterior - correct answer in front ventral - correct answer belly side posterior - correct answer in back of dorsal - correct answer backside cranial, cephalic - correct answer towads the head caudal - correct answer towards the tailbone superior - correct answer above inferior - correct answer below medial - correct answer towards the midline lateral - correct answer away from the midline proximal - correct answer closer to the body or a base distal - correct answer further from base/body superficial - correct answer on the surface sagittal plane - correct answer divides body into left and right, not halves! transverse section - correct answer divides body into top and bottom frontal/coronal plane - correct answer divides the body into front and back dorsal cavity - correct answer areas containing brain and spinal cord (cranial and spinal) thoracic cavity - correct answer area above the diaphragm abdominopelvic cavity - correct answer area below diaphragm longitudinal sections - correct answer the lengthwise lines in the direction of the long axis of the body of any of its parts ventral cavity - correct answer the large, anterior area of the body that consists of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities skeletal system - correct answer provides support, protects tissues, stores minerals, forms blood muscular system - correct answer produces movement and locomotion, provides support, generates heat nervous sysem - correct answer directs immediate resonse to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of organ systems endocrine system - correct answer directs long term, gradual changes in the organ system cardiovascular system - correct answer purpose: transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gasses lymphatic system - correct answer defends against infection nad disease, returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream respiratory system - correct answer delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood digestive system - correct answer processes food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste products