Peds Nclex Written Exam 2024.

Peds Nclex Written Exam 2024. Which of the following best describes why children have fewer respiratory tract infections as they grow older? a. The amount of lymphoid tissue decreases. b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity. c. Viral organisms are less prevalent in the population. d. Secondary infections rarely occur after viral illnesses. - CORRECT ANSWER b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity. Rationale: Children have increased immunity after exposure to a virus. Labored breathing is referred to as: a. dyspnea. b. tachypnea. c. hypopnea. d. orthopnea. - CORRECT ANSWER a. dyspnea. Rationale: Dyspnea is labored breathing. Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in home treatment of respiratory tract infections? a. They are safer. b. They are less expensive. c. Respiratory secretions are dried. d. A more comfortable environment is produced. - CORRECT ANSWER a. They are safer. Rationale: Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, and little evidence exists to show any advantages to steam. Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which of the following? a. Avoid using for more than 3 days. b. Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion. c. Administer drops until nasal congestion subsides. d. Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime. - CORRECT ANSWER a. Avoid using for more than 3 days Rationale: Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. What is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature? a. Give tepid water baths to reduce fever. b. Encourage food intake to maintain caloric needs. c. Have child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling. d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. - CORRECT ANSWER d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration Rationale: Preventing dehydration by small frequent feedings is an important intervention in the febrile child. The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant: a. becomes fussy. b. has a cough. c. has a fever over 99° F. d. shows signs of an earache. - CORRECT ANSWER d. Shows signs of an earache. Rationale: If an infant with nasopharyngitis shows signs of an earache, it may mean a secondary bacterial infection is present and should be referred to a practitioner for evaluation. It is generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis can return to school: a. when sore throat is better. b. if no complications develop. c. after taking antibiotics for 24 hours. d. after taking antibiotics for 3 days. - CORRECT ANSWER c. After taking antibiotics for 24 hours. Rationale: After children have taken antibiotics for 24 hours, they are no longer contagious to other children.