WGU Test.docx

What does the "open system" model of leadership encompass? - correct answer 1. Structural and political systems in the transformation process 2. Cultural and individual systems in the transformation process 3. Synthesis of rational and natural systems Which of the following describe a common key element of school systems? - correct answer 1. Politics are inevitable. 2. Politics are usually divisive and conflictual. 3. Politics are frequently informal and unreasonable. Which of the following elements make a school system a social system? - correct answer 1. Bureaucratic expectations 2. Shared orientation 3. Power relations 4. Cognition and motivation Which of the following are examples of nontraditional emergent theories of organizational behavior and management? - correct answer 1. Critical theory 2. Postmodernism theory Which of the following describes an appropriate responsibility of an instructional leader in a PK-12 school? - correct answer Build school climates and cultures characterized by clearly communicated goals and expectations Which of the following are common elements of analysis used in budgeting systems? - correct answer Objectives Alternatives Costs Models Criteria The leadership role of a PK-12 principal requires the principal to include specific groups during the development of a school budget. Which groups are appropriate for a PK-12 principal to involve in school budget development? - correct answer Support staff Community members Teachers Custodians The United States Department of Defense developed a budget system with protracted periods of project development that emphasized an assessment of the courses' outcomes. This budget system has been applied to PK-12 schools. What is the name of the budget system described in the given? - correct answer Planning/programming/budgeting What is the rationale for establishing a sound school budget accounting system as principal? - correct answer Ensure the proper use of public funds What principle are school administration and fiscal officers expected to follow? - correct answer Provide school patrons with important information concerning fiscal activities and needs of the school and district Which of the following are goals of encumbrance accounting methods? - correct answer Facilitate effective cash planning and control Prevent second expenditure of money from an account Ensure that expenditures do not exceed revenues Which of the following outcomes are results of the No Child Left Behind legislation? - correct answer Increased school accountability Centralized funding Establishment of nationwide standards Which of the following practices are necessary in implementing educational change? - correct answer Using new or revised materials Applying new teaching approaches Altering beliefs and social mores Which of the following has the greatest impact on the revenue of the PK-12 public schools? - correct answer State governments What impact does a change in inflation have on fiscal management of PK-12 schools? - correct answer Increased inflation decreases funding for extracurricular activities. Why might the general public be reluctant to increase educational funding to support student achievement? - correct answer People are unsure of the return on their educational investment. People feel that education already receives its fair share of tax revenue. People perceive that the priorities of society are not in line with their personal values. Why do schools need an effective public relations plan? - correct answer Diffuse negative public opinion What is an appropriate reason for a principal to develop a public relations plan? - correct answer Celebrate positive programs How do school principals inform new families about their schools? - correct answer School open house Announce open enrollment on marquee Write individual letters Which of the following are members of a PK-12 school's internal stakeholders? - correct answer Student council External stakeholders are interested in knowing how students in the local school district are doing. Where do external stakeholders obtain accurate information about school academic proficiency levels? - correct answer Local school district When would a principal need to use a form of written communication rather than oral communication? - correct answer Teacher strikes a student. Student brings a knife to school. New bell schedule is implemented. In an effort to increase the number of volunteers in the school, a principal wants to reach out to the broader community to recruit volunteers. Where would the principal place information to external stakeholders? - correct answer Public buildings Newsletters Which of the following statements describe the three stages of backward design? - correct answer Plan learning experiences and instruction Determine what students should know as a result of exposure to the curriculum Collect assessment data to document and validate that learning objectives have been achieved. Assume the use of Gagne's model. Which teacher behaviors demonstrate a teacher providing feedback? - correct answer Offering direct verbal responses Responding nonverbally Giving immediate extrinsic reinforcement