Science Olympiad Meteorology 2024 Study Guide with complete solution

Science Olympiad Meteorology 2024 Study Guide with complete solution air mass a huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure at any given height and a source region. Remember cP, cT, mP, mT, cA continental polar (cP) cold, dry stable air mass that forms over land continental tropical (cT) unstable, warm, dry air mass that forms over land Winter - warm and dry Summer - Hot and dry maritime polar (mP) unstable cold, moist air mass that forms over cold oceans-- Winter and Summer- cold and humid maritime tropical (mT) warm, moist air mass that is formed over water Stable if in Pacific Ocean (weather is warm and humid) Unstable in Atlantic Ocean(weather is warm and humid continental arctic (cA) very cold, very dry stable air mass front the atmospheric phenomenon created at the boundary between two different air masses. Shown on map by colored lines with shapes cold front forms when cold air moves under warm air which is less dense and pushes air up (produces thunderstorms heavy rain or snow) Blue line with triangles pointed towards where the front is going. Everything behind line is cold. warm front a front where warm air moves over cold air and brings drizzly rain and then are followed by warm and clear weather. Red line with half circles pointed towards where the front is going. Everything behind the line is cold. occluded front a front where a warm air mass is caught between two colder air masses and brings cool temperatures and large amounts of rain and snow. Purple line with half circles and triangles facing the same way stationary front weak cold and warm air masses meet, but neither can move the other. Line with red half circles, blue triangles facing opposite directions. thunderstorm the most common severe storm, formed in cumulonimbus clouds. 3 ingredients needed are MOISTURE, UNSTABLE AIR, AND LIFT! Can produce lightning and hail. hurricane a severe storm that develops over tropical oceans and whose strong winds of more than 120 km/h spiral in toward the intensely low-pressure storm center (eye) tornado