Building Trades Semester Test with correct answers 2024.

OSHA - answer-Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a government regulatory agency created to ensure safe working conditions stairs/stairway - answer-a series of steps leading from one level or floor to another riser - answer-the upright member of a step situated at the back of a lower tread and near the leading edge of the next higher tread tread - answer-the horizontal member of a step step ladder - answer-A self-supporting portable ladder, nonadjustable in length, having flat steps and a hinged back - its size is designated by the overall length of the ladder measured along the front edge of the side rails single ladder - answer-A non-self-supporting portable ladder, nonadjustable in length, consisting of but one section - its size is designated by the overall length of the side rail extension ladder - answer-A non-self-supporting portable ladder adjustable in length. It consists of two or more sections traveling in guides or brackets so arranged to permit length adjustment - its size is designated by the sum of the lengths of the sections measured along the side rails rung - answer-Ladder cross pieces of circular or oval cross-section on which a person may step in ascending or descending scaffold - answer-Any temprorary elevated platform and its supporting structure used for supporting workmen or materials or both. toe board - answer-A vertical barrier at floor level erected along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall opening, platform, runway, or ramp to prevent falls of materials dimensional lumber - answer-Lumber between 2 to 4 inches in nominal thickness 2x4 - answer-A board that measures 1 1/2" by 3 1/2", typically used in framing 2x6 - answer-A board that measures 1 1/2" by 5 1/2", typically used in framing 2x8 - answer-A board that measures 1 1/2" by 7 1/4", typically used in framing 2x10 - answer-A board that measures 1 1/2" by 9 1/4", typically used in framing 2x12 - answer-A board that measures 1 1/2" by 11 1/4", typically used in framing stud - answer-A vertical framing member, most commonly 2x4 or 2x6 precut stud - answer-A stud that comes precut to an exact length and ready to use for framing. Lengths vary, but 92 5/8" is most common top plate - answer-a horizontal framing member laid and nailed to top of studs double top plate - answer-made up of two pieces of lumber stacked and nailed on top of each other. The double top plate is needed in load bearing applications. bottom plate - answer-The lowermost horizontal framing member in a wall, to which studs are nailed. The same as the sole plate. king stud - answer-A full stud running from top to bottom plate on either side of a window or door. trimmer stud - answer-Short studs that support the header and are nailed to the king studs cripple stud - answer-A short stud above a door opening or below a windowsill. sill - answer-The lowest horizontal framing member in the rough opening for a window, sits on top of the cripple studs below blocking - answer-A wood block used as a filler piece and a support between framing members strongback - answer-A member placed on edge and fastened to others to help support them. jamb - answer-The side or top piece of a window or door frame partition - answer-interior walls that divide and create rooms partition buck - answer-blocking or full studs turned sideways and framed in a wall and used to attach partition walls brace - answer-a diagonal piece of lumber used to provide temporary lateral support until the walls are all tied together and sheeted. platform framing - answer-Framing in which each floor is built as an individual unit, with the floor being framed prior to the exterior wals being set in place crown - answer-The high point of the crooked edge of a framing member. floor system - answer-The entire system of components that makes up a floor, including joists, subfloor, finish floor, etc. - everything from the sill plate to the finished floor floor truss - answer-A manufactured (flat truss) framing member consisting of two flat plates on the top and bottom and a series of engineered webbing between for support, used in place of floor joists. Floor trusses often allow for plumbing, HVAC, and electrical to run through them corss-wise without any notching or boring. header joist - answer-a framing member used in platform framing into which common joists are fitted, forming the box sill. Header joists are also used to support the free ends of joists when framing openings in a floor joist - answer-a horizontal wood framing member that suports a floor or ceiling sill - answer-structural member consisting of a continuous horizontal timber forming the lowest member of a framework or supporting structure sole plate - answer-The bottom horizontal member of a wall frame span - answer-The unsupported distance between two supports underlayment - answer-thin sheeting installed over the subfloor to provide a smooth, sound base for a finish material subfloor - answer-The sheathing over the floor joists and under the flooring backfill - answer-The replacement of excavated earth in a hole or against the side of a structure. excavation - answer-Any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in an earth surface, formed by removing earth. flatwork - answer-Common word for concrete floors, driveways, basements, and sidewalks. footing - answer-The base of a foundation wall or column, which is wider to provide a larger bearing surface foundation - answer-The supporting portion of a structure, including the footings forms - answer-Temporary wood or metal structures built to contain concrete until it hardens rebar - answer-Short for reinforcing bar. These steel bars are placed in concrete forms before the cement is poured. When the concrete sets (hardens) the rebar within it adds considerable strength. reinforced concrete - answer-concrete with metal and/or mesh added to provide extra support against stresses