NR 222 Exam 2 Questions And Answers 2024

Health Disparity - A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and environmental disadvantage. Health Equity - Is the accomplishment of the highest level of health for all people. Social Determinants - The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age... shaped by the distribution of money, power, and resources at global, national, and local levels. Health Care Disparities - Differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services (e.g. screening, treatment, rehabilitation) aimed at prevention, treatment, and management of diseases and their complications. Quality Health Care - Defined by the IOM as care that is safe, effective, patient centered, timely, efficient, and equitable or without variation in outcomes as determined by stratified outcomes. Emerging populations - Include ethnic minorities and persons who are homeless. Race - A dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that: sorts people into ethnic groups according to perceived physical behavioral human characteristics. Ethnicity - Is a dynamic set of historically derived and institutionalized ideas and practices that allows people to identify or to be identified with groups of people on the basis of presumed commonalities (e.g. language, history, region of origin, religion). Minority Group - Consists of people who are living in a society in which they are usually disadvantaged in relation to power, control, of their own lives, and wealth. Culture - Shaped by values, norms, beliefs, and practices that are shard by members of the same cultural group.Intersectionality - The dynamic perspective that we all belong simultaneously to multiple social groups within changing social and political contexts. Oppression - System of advantages and disadvantages tied to our membership in social groups. Values - Beliefs of the worth of something and serve as standards that influence behavior and thinking. Value orientations - Are learned and shard thorough the socialization process, reflect, the personality type of a particular society. Cultural Competency - One of the major elements in eliminating health disparities; it starts with an honest desire to disregard personal biases and to treat every person with respect. Enabling of health care providers to deliver services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients. Transcultural Nursing - A comparative study of cultures to understand their similarities and differences among them. Culturally Congruent Care - Care that fits a persons life patterns, values, and system of meaning; bridge cultural gaps to provide meaningful and supportive care for all patients. Cultural Awareness - An in-depth self-examination of one's own background, recognizing biases, prejudices, and assumptions about other people. Cultural Knowledge - Sufficient comparative knowledge of diverse groups, including the values, health beliefs, care practices, world view, and bicultural ecology commonly found within each group. Cultural Skills - Ability to assess social, cultural, and biophysical factors that influence patient treatment and care.Cultural Encounters - Cross-cultural interactions that provide opportunities to learn about other cultures and develop effective intercultural communication. Cultural Desire - The motivation and commitment to caring that moves an individual to learn from others, accept the role as a learner, be open to and accepting of cultural differences, and build on cultural similarities. Professional Care Systesm - Characterized by specialized education and knowledge, responsibility for care, and expectation of remuneration of services rendered. Folk Healing System - Embodies the beliefs, values, and treatment approaches of a particular cultural group that are products of cultural development (ex. herbalists, spiritualists, lay midwives). Arab American Health Issues - Adult-onset diabetes, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease, mental health, tobacco consumption, hypertension, and heart disease. Arab American Risk Factors - Obesity, low employment rates, tobacco consumption (mostly Shisha and cigarettes), acculturation (age of migration, and length of stay can affect this). Arab American Barriers - Religious beliefs and practices, cultural norms relating to modesty, family values of upholding family's reputation, gender issues (prefer same-sex provider), folk remedies, stresses of assimilation and acculturation, and lack of culturally competent services (due to stereotyping and discrimination). Arab American Cultural Aspects - Customs center on food, family, and friends; families are large; religion (restrictions on diet, and prayer rituals); present oriented and view future as uncertain. Asian American Health Issues - Cancer (stomach), heart disease, stroke, unintentional injuries, diabetes, COPD, Hep B, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, liver disease, and mental health. Asian American Risk Factors - Smoking, drinking, and infrequent medical visits.Asian American Barriers - Language/cultural, lack of health insurance, fear of transportation, won't question authority, sex is a taboo topic, hesitant to seek health care, and poverty. Asian American Cultural Aspects - Family is the most important institution, honor of the family is more important than the individual, oldest male is decision maker, folk medicine (taoism, chi, yin/yang, herbs, accupuncture. Latino American Health Issues - Heart disease, cancer, HIV/AIDS, stroke, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma, COPD, mental health, and liver disease. Latino American Risk Factors - Obesity.