KCC #2 – Respiratory Questions And Answers 2024/2025

KCC #2 – Respiratory Questions And Answers 2024/2025 What are the three factors that influence gas exchange through the respiratory membrane? - ANS-- Partial pressures (CO2 and O2) - Gas solubility - Ventilation & Perfusion Which gas has a steeper partial pressure gradient between alveoli and capillaries? - ANS-Oxygen What is the gas exchange rate between CO2 and O2, and why is it this way? - ANS-The rates are equal! Although oxygen has a larger partial pressure gradient, CO2 is 20x more soluble in plasma and alveolar fluid, so the rates are equal. Ventilation - ANS-Amount of gas reaching alveoli Perfusion - ANS-Blood flow in the capillaries (pulmonary) Relationship between alveolar PO2 and pulmonary arteriole diameter - ANS-The greater the pressure, the more dilated the arterioles are Relationship between alveolar PCO2 and bronchiole diameter - ANS-The greater the pressure, the more dilated the bronchioles are Why is it important to maintain the pressure and diameter of the bronchioles/arterioles (2)? - ANS-They ensure the most volume of blood cells and the most efficient inspiratory system What are two structural characteristics of the alveoli that make them an ideal site for gas exchange? - ANS-Thin walls and large surface area Describe a respiratory disease or disorder that affects a structural feature, how does this affect gas exchange? - ANS-Emphysema - During this disease, the alveoli loses its wall. As a result, the space in the lungs available for the exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide is heavily reduced What are four factors that enhance O2 loading onto hemoglobin? - ANS-- Decrease in temperature - Decrease in amount of CO2 - High pH - Low amount of BPG (metabolism) True or False Almost all oxygen carried is combined with hemoglobin - ANS...