GEOG140 Chapter 3 (midterm 1) Civil Engineering 2024 New Review

GEOG140 Chapter 3 (midterm 1) Civil Engineering 2024 New Review Earthquake - ANS-An episode of ground shaking caused by the sudden breaking of rock or by frictional sliding along a pre-existing fault in the Earth. Seismicity - ANS-Earthquake activity. Seismology - ANS-The scientific study of earthquakes. Seismic Waves - ANS-Vibrations generated by an earthquake that pass through the Earth or along its surface. Fault - ANS-A fracture on which one body of rock slides or slips past another. Normal Fault - ANS-A dip-slip fault on which the hanging-wall block moves down the slope of the fault. Reverse Fault - ANS-A dip-slip fault on which the hanging wall block moves up the slope of the fault. Strike-Slip Fault - ANS-A fault along which one block of crust slides horizontally past another. Active Faults - ANS-A fault that has slipped in relatively recent geologic time and will probably slip again in the future. Elastic Deformation - ANS-A change in the shape of a solid in response to an applied stress, accommodated by stretching and bending chemical bonds. Elastic-Rebound Theory - ANS-T