Aice Marine Exam Review Graded A Q&A Complete

How to do a Lab-based experiment (Scientific Experiment Method) - Answer-- IV/DV -Control Group -Experimental Group -Lab setting -30 in each group -Constants -How long it took to do the experiment -Measurements Ecosystem - Answer-living organisms and the physical and chemical factors which influence them (abiotic and biotic components) Example: A rocky shore Habitat - Answer-the place where organisms live Example: the area surrounding a hydrothermal vent Population - Answer-consists of organisms of the same species, usually defined as living in the same area Example: a population of ghost crabs Community - Answer-includes all the different species living in a habitat at the same time Species - Answer-a group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring The Name - Answer-First = generic name, refers to the genus Second = specific name, refers to the speciesBiodiversity - Answer-takes into account the numbers of different species present and the range of habitats and ecosystems Example: Coral reefs have a high biodiversity w/ many different species present Ecological Niche - Answer-the role of an organism within an ecosystem, taking into account its relationships with other organisms Symbiosis - Answer-a relationship b/w two different organisms, where both derive some benefit from the benefit Example: corals and zooxanthellae Parasitism - Answer-a relationship b/w two organisms where one, the parasite, obtains benefit at the expense of the other, known as the host, which is usually harmed by the relationship Example: Tuna and Nematodes Parasites - Answer-Split into two groups: Ectoparasites and Endoparasites -Ectoparasites: live on the outside of their host (Fish lice) -Endoparasites: live inside their host (Nematodes) Producers - Answer-are able to synthesize organic substances from simple organic compounds, using light energy from the sun, in the process of photosynthesis Example: green plants and algae -They provide food for all other organisms in food chains and food webs Consumer - Answer-an organism that obtains its energy requirements by feeding on other organisms Primary Consumers - Answer-(Herbivores) feed on plant material Secondary Consumers - Answer-(Carnivores) feed on herbivoresFood Chain - Answer-shows the sequence of organisms feeding on other organisms Chemosynthetic Bacteria - Answer-able to produce organic substances by oxidising hydrogen sulphide -found in hydrothermal vents Predator - Answer-an animal that catches, kills, and eats another animal -usually secondary consumers Trophic Level - Answer-refers to the 'feeding levels' in a food chain, or a food web -Producers occupy the first trophic level -Primary consumers occupy the second trophic level -Secondary consumers occupy the third trophic level