BIOD 171 FINAL EXAM 2024| (ESSENTIAL MICROBIOLOGY) COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

BIOD 171 FINAL EXAM 2024| (ESSENTIAL MICROBIOLOGY) COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ What is another name for a liquid growth media, and what are the basic components? ANSWERGrowth media in a liquid form is often referred to as nutrient broth. As the name implies its composition consists primarily of essential 'ingredients' such as a rich source of sugars, amino acids, and vitamins. Together, a nutrient broth provides the microbe with a source of carbon/energy, which, in turn, encourages its expansion. What is selective media? ANSWERSelective media allows for only the growth of certain microbes while restricting the growth of all others. What is differential media? ANSWERDifferential media is used to distinguish between two (or more) related microbes. What are the requirements of a fastidious microbe? ANSWERA fastidious microbe is an organism with complex growth requirements such that if absent it will not grow. Enriched medias thus contain these specific and essential nutrients required for the growth of a particular subset of microorganisms. What is agar? ANSWERIn its simplest form agar is liquid growth media that has had a hardening agent added to it. Agar is created when a polysaccharide derived from seaweed (algae) extract is added to growth media. Agar is used to create a solid, smooth surface on which microbes can grow. LB agar is classified as a non-selective, differential media True False ANSWERFalse LB agar is non-selective and non-differential What are the three forms of hemolysis found on blood agar plates? ANSWERAlpha hemolysis, beta hemolysis, and gamma hemolysis Alpha hemolysis ANSWERPresents with greenish-brown color on blood agar due to the partial lysis of red blood cells Beta hemolysis ANSWERClear zones on blood agar indicate beta hemolysis, which is the complete lysis of red blood cells Gamma hemolysis ANSWERPresents a white/tan on blood agar due to the lack of hemolytic activity. What is the primary purpose of Columbia CNA agar? ANSWERAs it suppresses the growth of Gramnegative bacteria CNA agar is, therefore, used for isolation of Gram-positive microbes. The study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes ANSWERMicrobiology What is the smallest biological unit of life ANSWERA cell Classified as a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits ANSWERMacromolecule What are the four main types of macromolecules? ANSWERProteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids What various functions do proteins have in a cell? ANSWERProteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement. what re the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? ANSWERDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. Serves the cell as a surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment. The plasma membrane also restricts the movement of materials (water, nutrients, etc) either in or out of the cell, thus allowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed (influx) while also preventing the escape (out flux) of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons) ANSWERPlasma membrane and what it is made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Examples would include, C6H10O5 (glucose) C12H22O11 (surcose) and C6H10O5 (cellulose) ANSWERThe three main components of carbohydrates Contain a nucleus, a membrane enclosed region within the cell that contains the genetic material. ANSWEREukaryotic cells Cells do not contain a nucleus and can be further classified as either Bacteria and Archaea ANSWERProkaryotic cells Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum (spiral/corkscrew) ANSWERMain morphologies of bacteria Which group of microbes is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions? ANSWERArchaea. They are able to survive in extremely harsh environ