HIM Exam 1 Questions and Answers Rated A+

HIM Exam 1 Questions and Answers Rated A+ 1. auditory: pertaining to sense of hearing 2. acoustic: pertaining to sound of hearing 3. cercumen: earwax, secreted by ceruminous glands lining auditory canal, protec- tive substances that traps small insects, dust, debris, and bacteria 4. tympanic membrane: eardrum located between outer and middle ear, mem- brane transit sounds by vibrating 5. auditory ossicles: transmit sound waves from eardrum to inner ear by vibration 6. eustachian tubes: lead from middle ear to nasal cavity and throat, equalize air pressure within middle ear that of the outside atmosphere 7. oval window: located under the base of stapes, membrane separating the middle ear from inner ear allows entrance of vibrations into inner ear 8. cochlea: snail-shaped structure where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses; contains cochlear duct, organs of corti, semicircular canals, and acoustic nerves 9. semicircular canals: 3 contain endolymph and sensitive hair cells that bend in response to movements of head, assist with equilibrium 10. air conduction: process of sound waves entering ear through pinna and travel- ing down the external auditory canal tos trike tympanic membrane 11. bone conduction: occurs as eardrum vibrates causing auditory ossicles to vibrate 12. sensorineural conduction: occurs when sound vibration reach inner ear; struc- tures receive sound waves and rely them to auditory nerve for transmission to brain 13. audiologist: specializes in measurements of hearing function and in rehabilita- tion of persons with hearing impairments 14. speech-language- pathologist: assist patients with problems related to swal- lowing, speech, and communication disorders 15. otalgia: pain in the ear 16. otorrhea: any discharge from the ear 17. vertigo: sense of dizziness and loss of balance 18. otitis media: inflammation of middle ear 19. tinnitus: rining, buzzing, or roaring sound in 1 or both ears; may be due to prolonged exposure to loud nosies 20. presbycusis: gradual loss of sensorineural hearing related to aging 21. conductive hearing loss: sound waves prevented from passing air to fluid-filled inner ear 22. sensorineural hearing loss: due to damaged to auditory nerve or hair cells in inner ear 23. audiometery: use of audiometer to measure hearing acuity 24. otoscope: instrument used to examine external ear canal 25. tympanometry: use of air pressure in ear canal for testing the disorders of middle ear 26. weber and rinne test: use of tuning fork to distinguish between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss 27. tympanostomy tubes: ventilating tubes or pressure equalizing tubes inserted into eardrum to provide drainage for fluid and relief of pressure 28. bony orbit: cavity of skull that contains and protects the eyeball and associated muscles, blood vessels, and nerves AKA: eye socket 29. binocular vision: coordination of eye muscles allowing for depth perception 30. conjunctiva: transparent mucous membrane lining underside of the eyelid pro- tecting the exposed surface of the eyeball 31. lacrimal apparatus: structures producing, storing, and removing tears 32. lacrimal gland: located on underside of upper eyelid, just above outer cornor of each eye 33. lacrimal fluid: maintain moisture on anterior surface of eyewall 34. lacrimal canal: ducts at inner corner of each eye. ducts collect tears emptying them into lacrimal sacs 35. lacrimal sac: enlargement of upper portion of lacrimal duct 36. lacrimal duct: passageway draining excess tears into nose 37. extraocular: outside the eyeball 38. intraocular: within the eyeball 39. sclera: white of the eye, maintain shape of eye, protects delicate inner layer of tissue 40. chlorid: opaque middle layer of eyeball, provide blood supply to entire eye 41. retina: innermost layer posterior segment of eye, receives nerve impulses and transit them to brain via optic nerve 42. anterior segment of eyeball: 1/3rd of eyeball; located behind cornea and in front iris; contains aqueous humor 43. aqueous humor: help maintain shape and nourish intraocular structures 44. posterior segment of eyeball: remaining 2/3rds of eyeball; located behind the iris and in front of the ligaments holding the lens in place; contains vitreous humor; lined with retina 45. macula: light sensitive area in center of retina, responsible for sharp central vision 46. fovea centralis: pit in middle of the macula, high concentration of cones allow for best color vision 47. optic disk: where nerve endings of retina enter optic nerve, blind spot 48. optic nerve: transmit nerve impulses from retina to brain 49. iris: colorful circular structure surrounding the pupil; muscles control amount of light entering through pupil 50. cornea: transparent outer surface of eye covering iris and pupil; focuses light rays entering the eye 51. pupil: black circular opening in center of the iris permitting light to enter the eye 52. lens: clear, flexible curved structure contained within clear capsule located behind the iris and pupil; focuses images on the retina