CCRN NICU Exam Questions with Correct Answers

CCRN NICU Exam Questions with Correct Answers Clonic Seizures - Answer-Rhythmic jerks of one to three seconds in duration that slow during the seizure indicates what type of seizure Subtle seizures - Answer-what kind of seizures are more common in premature infants and often involve ocular and facial movements or autonomic changes tonic seizures - Answer-what kind of seizures are characterized by posturing and extension of lower limbs that may be associated with upper limb extension or flexion myoclonic seizures - Answer-myoclonic seizures are characterized by faster jerking than clonic seizures with involvement of flexor muscles During resuscitation of an asphyxiated infant, a delay in intervention may lead to.... - Answer-pulmonary vascular resistance may remain high- occurs when adaptation from fetal or neonatal circulation is impaired as a result of asphyxia, which then compromises perfusion to the pulmonary vasculature and limits the decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance Which maternal factor places a newborn at risk of tracheoesphogeal fistula (TEF)? - Answer-polyhydramnios- common as the fetus does not swallow amniotic fluid normally so there is excess accumulation oligohydramnios is.... - Answer-decrease or too low amount of amniotic fluid polyhydramnios is.... - Answer-excess amniotic fluid Neonate presents... poor feeding, irritability, restlessness, and sustained heart rate over 200. Initial treatment? - Answer-vagal maneuver if stable bp; otherwise ADENOSINE which slows the sinus rate and produces transient AV block, which can interrupt some types of SVT What is the first clinical indicator of heart failure (HF) in the neonate - AnswerTachypnea- a RR of 60-100 is the first clinical indication of developing pulmonary edema as a direct result of neonatal heart failure RDS is characterized by... - Answer-increased airway resistance: deficiency of surfactant and alveolar collapse that leads to retractions, nasal flaring, and grunting The clinical presentation for a 5 day old neonate with patent ductus arteriosis (PDA) would include... - Answer-WIDENING pulse pressures and cardiomegaly- due to aortic runoff and volume overload of the left ventricle so the peripheral pulses are bounding the plan of care for an infant of a diabetic mother exhibiting tachypnea, cyanosis, and oliguria should include evaluation for which of the following? - Answer-polycythemia: results from insulin-induced high glucose uptake, which can lead to respiratory distress and oliguria polycythemia - Answer-high red blood cells thrombocytopenia - Answer-low platelet count thrombocytosis - Answer-high platelet count What cardiac defect can an infant exhibit cyanosis without heart failure - AnswerTetralogy of fallot- the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect that is not associated with heart failure. consists of VSD, overriding ascending aorta, obstruction of right ventricular outflow, and right ventricular hypertrophy Most common bacteria of a UTI - Answer-E. coli- 80% of UTIs What does the VSD murmur sound like? - Answer-high pitched pansystolic murmur heard along the left sternal border 12 day old infant presents with VSD and severe heart failure, parents express concern that this wasn't caught sooner. What is the common timeframe for symptoms to manifest? - Answer-4-10 days for VSD History of polyhydramnios, bilious vomiting within first 24 hours and abdominal distention are all classical signs of what? Also double bubble on xray. - Answerduodenal atresia what defect is associated with projectile vomiting with the absence of abdominal distention - Answer-pyloric stenosis Telescoping of the bowel that manifests with bloody stools- more common in neonates 3 months of age or older - Answer-intussusception onset of jaundice between 2 and 6 weeks of life, along with dark urine and acholic stools - Answer-biliary atresia