Med Surg Final Practice Questions

Med Surg Final Practice Questions The nurse has conducted preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for surgery in 1 week. The client has a history of arthritis and has been taking acetylsalicylic acid. The nurse determines that the client needs additional teaching if the client makes which statement? 1. "Aspirin can cause bleeding after surgery." 2. "Aspirin can cause my ability to clot blood to be abnormal." 3. "I need to continue to take the aspirin until the day of surgery." 4. "I need to check with my HCP about the need to stop the aspirin before the scheduled surgery." - ANSWER 3. Anticoagulants altered normal clotting factors and increase the risk of bleeding after surgery. Aspirin has properties that can alter the clotting mechanism and should be discontinued at least 48 hours before surgery. However, the client should always check with his or her health care provider regarding when to stop taking the aspirin when a surgical procedure is scheduled. The nurse is conducting preoperative teaching with a client about the use of an incentive spirometer. The nurse should include which piece of information in discussions with the client? 1. Inhale as rapidly as possible 2. Keep a loose seal between the lips and the mouthpiece 3. After maximum inspiration, hold the breath for 15 seconds and exhale. 4. The best results are achieved when sitting up or with the head of the bed elevated 45 to 90 degrees - ANSWER 4 For optimal lung expansion with the incentive spirometer, the client should assume the semi-Fowlers or high fowlers position. The mouthpiece should be covered completely and tightly while the client inhales slowly, with a constant flow through the unit. The breath should be held for 5 seconds before exhaling slowly. The nurse assess a client's surgical incision for signs of infection. Which finding by the nurse would be interpreted as a normal finding at the surgical site? 1. Red, hard skin 2. Serous drainage 3. Purulent drainage 4. Warm tender skin - ANSWER 2 Serous drainage is an expected finding at a surgical site. The other options indicate signs of wound infection. Wound infection usually appears 3 to 6 days after surgery.