BIOS 1300 Lab Exam #1 (labs 1-4) Quizzes & Ans..

BIOS 1300 Lab Exam #1 (labs 1-4) Quizzes & Ans.. what is another name for coronal plane? frontal medial toward the midline distal further from the trunk interior downward posterior toward the back superficial toward the surface of the skin lateral away from the midline superior upward anterior toward the front proximal closer to the trunk deep away from the surface what is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of an element? atom what comprises the central nucleus? protons and neutrons what is an electron shell? concentric regions that electrons are constantly moving around in that surrounds the nucleus what is the charge of an electron, proton and neutron? electrons have a negative charge, protons have a positive charge and neutrons are neutral, so they have no charge. what is an atomic number? the number of protons in an atom what is an atomic mass? the sum of an atom's protons and neutrons what are isotopes? atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic weights how many electrons are held in the second valence shell? 8 electrons what determines the chemical bonding properties of an atom? the electrons in the valence shell which type of element is the most stable and chemically inactive? helium whats determines the number and the kind of bonds an atom forms? the number of electrons needed to fill the valence shell why do atoms gain, share, or lose electrons? to achieve a stable number of valence electrons which type of bonding shares electrons? covalent which type of bonding donates electrons? ionic why do atoms want to achieve an octet of electrons? what are two properties of nonpolar covalent bonds? what is electronegativity? a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. what is the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds? nonpolar bonds have the same electronegativity therefore have a equal sharing of the bonding electron pair. a polar bond have different electronegativities so therefore have an unequal sharing of the bonding electron pair. electrolyte a substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that can conduct electricity what makes sodium chloride a strong electrolyte? its a soluble salt that is assumed to completely dissolve in water. contains large amount of ions. define dissociate what is an example of a weak acid? what makes it a weak electrolyte? Carbonic Acid. it only partially ionizes in water what is the formula for carbonic acid? H2CO3 what is the formula for bicarbonate? HCO3- name all monosaccharides glucose, galactose, fructose name all disaccharides sucrose, lactose, maltose name all polysaccharides cellulose, starch, glycogen name all enzymes lactase, sucrase, maltase how many amino acids are there? how many are essential? non essential? 20 amino acids 9 essential, 11 non essential what basic elements are found in all carbohydrates? carbon and hydrogen what molecule or elements are missing from maltose vs two independent glucose molecules? hydrogen