,Sampling:
Design and Analysis
Second Edition
Sharon L. Lohr
Arizona State University
i
,Brooks Cole: Lohr November 11, 2009 22:19
Sampling: Design and Analysis, Second
Edition
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
Sharon L. Lohr
herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by
to Doug any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to
photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution,
information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except
Editor in Chief: Michelle Julet
Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Publisher: Richard Stratton
Senior Sponsoring Editor: Molly Taylor
For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Associate Editor: Daniel Seibert
Editorial Assistant: Shaylin Walsh For permission to use material from this text or product,
submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.
Associate Media Editor: Catie Ronquillo
Further permissions questions can be emailed to
Senior Marketing Manager: Greta Kleinert .
Marketing Coordinator: Erica O’Connell
Marketing Communications Manager: Mary
Anne Payumo
Associate Content Project Manager: Jill Clark
Art Director: Linda Helcher
Senior Manufacturing Buyer: Diane Gibbons
Brooks/Cole
Senior Text Rights Account Manager: Bob
Kauser
Production Service: MPS Limited, A Macmillan USA
Company
Cover Designer: Denise Davidson
Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with
Compositor: MPS Limited, A Macmillan
office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom,
Company
Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at:
international.cengage.com/region
Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by
Nelson Education, Ltd.
For your course and learning solutions, visit
www.cengage.com
Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred
online store www.ichapters.com
product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS
Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries; ® indicates USA registration.
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 11 10 09
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
ii
, Contents
Preface ix
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1 A Sample Controversy 1
1.2 Requirements of a Good Sample 3
1.3 Selection Bias 5
1.4 Measurement Error 9
1.5 Questionnaire Design 11
1.6 Sampling and Nonsampling Errors 16
1.7 Exercises 19
CHAPTER 2 Simple Probability Samples 25
2.1 Types of Probability Samples 25
2.2 Framework for Probability Sampling 28
2.3 Simple Random Sampling 33
2.4 Sampling Weights 39
2.5 Confidence Intervals 40
2.6 Sample Size Estimation 46
2.7 Systematic Sampling 50
2.8 Randomization Theory Results for Simple Random Sampling 51
2.9 A Prediction Approach for Simple Random Sampling 54
2.10 When Should a Simple Random Sample Be Used? 58
2.11 Chapter Summary 59
2.12 Exercises 61
iii
Design and Analysis
Second Edition
Sharon L. Lohr
Arizona State University
i
,Brooks Cole: Lohr November 11, 2009 22:19
Sampling: Design and Analysis, Second
Edition
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
Sharon L. Lohr
herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by
to Doug any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to
photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution,
information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except
Editor in Chief: Michelle Julet
Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Publisher: Richard Stratton
Senior Sponsoring Editor: Molly Taylor
For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Associate Editor: Daniel Seibert
Editorial Assistant: Shaylin Walsh For permission to use material from this text or product,
submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.
Associate Media Editor: Catie Ronquillo
Further permissions questions can be emailed to
Senior Marketing Manager: Greta Kleinert .
Marketing Coordinator: Erica O’Connell
Marketing Communications Manager: Mary
Anne Payumo
Associate Content Project Manager: Jill Clark
Art Director: Linda Helcher
Senior Manufacturing Buyer: Diane Gibbons
Brooks/Cole
Senior Text Rights Account Manager: Bob
Kauser
Production Service: MPS Limited, A Macmillan USA
Company
Cover Designer: Denise Davidson
Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with
Compositor: MPS Limited, A Macmillan
office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom,
Company
Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at:
international.cengage.com/region
Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by
Nelson Education, Ltd.
For your course and learning solutions, visit
www.cengage.com
Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred
online store www.ichapters.com
product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS
Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries; ® indicates USA registration.
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 11 10 09
Copyright 2009 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
ii
, Contents
Preface ix
CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1
1.1 A Sample Controversy 1
1.2 Requirements of a Good Sample 3
1.3 Selection Bias 5
1.4 Measurement Error 9
1.5 Questionnaire Design 11
1.6 Sampling and Nonsampling Errors 16
1.7 Exercises 19
CHAPTER 2 Simple Probability Samples 25
2.1 Types of Probability Samples 25
2.2 Framework for Probability Sampling 28
2.3 Simple Random Sampling 33
2.4 Sampling Weights 39
2.5 Confidence Intervals 40
2.6 Sample Size Estimation 46
2.7 Systematic Sampling 50
2.8 Randomization Theory Results for Simple Random Sampling 51
2.9 A Prediction Approach for Simple Random Sampling 54
2.10 When Should a Simple Random Sample Be Used? 58
2.11 Chapter Summary 59
2.12 Exercises 61
iii
